Monthly Temperature Observations for Uganda

John R. Christy Earth System Science Center, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama

Search for other papers by John R. Christy in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
Restricted access

Abstract

The International Surface Temperature Initiative is a worldwide effort to locate weather observations, digitize them for public access, and attach provenance to them. As part of that effort, this study sought documents of temperature observations for the nation of Uganda. Although scattered reports were found for the 1890s, consistent record keeping appears to have begun in 1900. Data were keyed in from images of several types of old forms as well as accessed electronically from several sources to extend the time series of 32 stations with at least 4 yr of data back as far as data were available. Important gaps still remain; 1979–93 has virtually no observations from any station. Because many stations were represented by more than one data source, a scheme is described to extract the “best guess” values for each station of monthly averages of the daily maximum, minimum, and mean temperature. A preliminary examination of the national time series indicates that, since the early twentieth century, it appears that Uganda experienced essentially no change in monthly-average daily maximum temperature but did experience a considerable rise in monthly-average daily minimum temperature, concentrated in the last three decades. Because there are many gaps in the data, it is hoped that readers with information on extant data that were not discovered for this study will contact the author or the project so that the data may be archived.

Corresponding author address: John R. Christy, Earth System Science Center, ESSC/Cramer Hall, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899. E-mail: christy@nsstc.uah.edu

Abstract

The International Surface Temperature Initiative is a worldwide effort to locate weather observations, digitize them for public access, and attach provenance to them. As part of that effort, this study sought documents of temperature observations for the nation of Uganda. Although scattered reports were found for the 1890s, consistent record keeping appears to have begun in 1900. Data were keyed in from images of several types of old forms as well as accessed electronically from several sources to extend the time series of 32 stations with at least 4 yr of data back as far as data were available. Important gaps still remain; 1979–93 has virtually no observations from any station. Because many stations were represented by more than one data source, a scheme is described to extract the “best guess” values for each station of monthly averages of the daily maximum, minimum, and mean temperature. A preliminary examination of the national time series indicates that, since the early twentieth century, it appears that Uganda experienced essentially no change in monthly-average daily maximum temperature but did experience a considerable rise in monthly-average daily minimum temperature, concentrated in the last three decades. Because there are many gaps in the data, it is hoped that readers with information on extant data that were not discovered for this study will contact the author or the project so that the data may be archived.

Corresponding author address: John R. Christy, Earth System Science Center, ESSC/Cramer Hall, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899. E-mail: christy@nsstc.uah.edu
Save
  • Christy, J. R., W. B. Norris, and R. T. McNider, 2009: Surface temperature variations in East Africa and possible causes. J. Climate, 22, 33423356.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Environmental Science Services Administration, 1967: Africa. Vol. 5, World Weather Records 1951–60, U.S. Government Printing Office, 545 pp.

  • Jones, P. D., D. H. Lister, T. J. Osborn, and C. P. Morice, 2012: Hemispheric and large-scale land surface air temperature variations: An extensive revision and an update to 2010. J. Geophys. Res., 117, D05127, doi:10.1029/2011JD017139.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Lawrimore, J. H., M. J. Menne, B. E. Gleason, C. N. Williams, D. B. Wuertz, R. S. Vose, and J. Rennie, 2011: An overview of the Global Historical Climatology Network monthly mean temperature data set, version 3. J. Geophys. Res., 116, D19121, doi:10.1029/2011jd016187.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • McNider, R. T., and Coauthors, 2012: Response and sensitivity of the nocturnal boundary layer over land to added longwave radiative forcing. J. Geophys. Res., 117, D14106, doi:10.1029/2012JD017578.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • NOAA/NESDIS, 1985: Africa. Vol. 5, World Weather Records 1961–70, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, 533 pp.

  • Owen, T. W., Ed., 1999: Africa. Vol. 5, World Weather Records 1981–90, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, 343 pp.

  • Parker, D. E., 1994: Effects of changing exposure of thermometers at land stations. Int. J. Climatol., 14, 131.

  • Steurer, P. M., Ed., 1993: World Weather Records 1971–80. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, 465 pp.

  • Thorne, P. W., and Coauthors, 2011: Guiding the creation of a comprehensive surface temperature resource for twenty-first century climate science. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 92, ES40ES47.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • U.S. Weather Bureau, 1949: World Weather Records 1931–40. U.S. Government Printing Office, 646 pp.

  • U.S. Weather Bureau, 1959: World Weather Records 1941–50. U.S. Government Printing Office, 1361 pp.

All Time Past Year Past 30 Days
Abstract Views 0 0 0
Full Text Views 1052 643 41
PDF Downloads 336 91 6