Editorial Type:
Article
Article Type:
Research Article

Keys to Differentiating between Small- and Large-Drop Icing Conditions in Continental Clouds

Ben C. Bernstein Leading Edge Atmospherics, Longmont, Colorado

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Roy M. Rasmussen National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado

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Frank McDonough Desert Research Institute, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada

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Cory Wolff National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado

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Print Publication:
01 Sep 2019
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-18-0038.1
Page(s):
1931–1953
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Abstract

Using observations from research aircraft flights over the Great Lakes region, synoptic and mesoscale environments that appear to drive a relationship between liquid water content, drop concentration, and drop size are investigated. In particular, conditions that fell within “small drop” and “large drop” regimes are related to cloud and stability profiles, providing insight regarding whether the clouds are tied to the local boundary layer. These findings are supported by analysis of flight data from other parts of North America and used to provide context for several icing incidents and accidents where large-drop icing was noted as a contributing factor. The relationships described for drop size discrimination in continental environments provide clues that can be applied for both human- and model-generated icing forecasts, as well as automated icing algorithms.

© 2019 American Meteorological Society. For information regarding reuse of this content and general copyright information, consult the AMS Copyright Policy (www.ametsoc.org/PUBSReuseLicenses).

Corresponding author: Ben C. Bernstein, icingweather@gmail.com

Abstract

Using observations from research aircraft flights over the Great Lakes region, synoptic and mesoscale environments that appear to drive a relationship between liquid water content, drop concentration, and drop size are investigated. In particular, conditions that fell within “small drop” and “large drop” regimes are related to cloud and stability profiles, providing insight regarding whether the clouds are tied to the local boundary layer. These findings are supported by analysis of flight data from other parts of North America and used to provide context for several icing incidents and accidents where large-drop icing was noted as a contributing factor. The relationships described for drop size discrimination in continental environments provide clues that can be applied for both human- and model-generated icing forecasts, as well as automated icing algorithms.

© 2019 American Meteorological Society. For information regarding reuse of this content and general copyright information, consult the AMS Copyright Policy (www.ametsoc.org/PUBSReuseLicenses).

Corresponding author: Ben C. Bernstein, icingweather@gmail.com
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