Abstract
Previous experiments with the adjoint technique for determining the three-dimensional wind and thermodynamic fields from single-Doppler radar data have assumed that the radar observes one component of the velocity in Cartesian coordinates. This technique is generalized to radial velocity observations by fitting a Cartesian prediction model to interpolated radial velocity data in Cartesian coordinates. The three-dimensional wind and temperature are determined by minimizing the difference between simulated single-Doppler observations of radial velocity and reflectivity in Cartesian coordinates and their predictions from a numerical model. An application of this technique to a simulation of dry convection gives successful results.
