Editorial Type:
Article
Article Type:
Research Article

Lidar Scanning of Momentum Flux in and above the Atmospheric Surface Layer

J. Mann Wind Energy Division, Risø DTU, Roskilde, Denmark

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A. Peña Wind Energy Division, Risø DTU, Roskilde, and Department of Geography and Geology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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F. Bingöl Wind Energy Division, Risø DTU, Roskilde, Denmark

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R. Wagner Wind Energy Division, Risø DTU, Roskilde, Denmark

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M. S. Courtney Wind Energy Division, Risø DTU, Roskilde, Denmark

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Print Publication:
01 Jun 2010
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JTECHA1389.1
Page(s):
959–976
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Abstract

Methods to measure the vertical flux of horizontal momentum using both continuous wave and pulsed Doppler lidar profilers are evaluated. The lidar measurements are compared to momentum flux observations performed with sonic anemometers over flat terrain at Høvsøre, Denmark, and profile-derived vertical momentum flux observations at the Horns Rev wind farm in the North Sea. Generally, the momentum fluxes are reduced because of the finite measuring volume of the instruments, and the filtering is crudely accounted for theoretically. The essential parameter for the estimation of the reduction is the ratio of the turbulence scale to the size of the measuring volume. For the continuous wave lidar the reduction can largely be compensated by averaging Doppler spectra instead of radial velocities.

Corresponding author address: Jakob Mann, Wind Energy Division, Risø DTU, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark. Email: jakob.mann@risoe.dk

Abstract

Methods to measure the vertical flux of horizontal momentum using both continuous wave and pulsed Doppler lidar profilers are evaluated. The lidar measurements are compared to momentum flux observations performed with sonic anemometers over flat terrain at Høvsøre, Denmark, and profile-derived vertical momentum flux observations at the Horns Rev wind farm in the North Sea. Generally, the momentum fluxes are reduced because of the finite measuring volume of the instruments, and the filtering is crudely accounted for theoretically. The essential parameter for the estimation of the reduction is the ratio of the turbulence scale to the size of the measuring volume. For the continuous wave lidar the reduction can largely be compensated by averaging Doppler spectra instead of radial velocities.

Corresponding author address: Jakob Mann, Wind Energy Division, Risø DTU, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark. Email: jakob.mann@risoe.dk

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