Editorial Type:
Article
Article Type:
Research Article

Spectrally Consistent Scattering, Absorption, and Polarization Properties of Atmospheric Ice Crystals at Wavelengths from 0.2 to 100 μm

Ping Yang * Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas

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Lei Bi * Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas

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Bryan A. Baum Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin

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Kuo-Nan Liou Joint Institute for Earth System Science and Engineering, and Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

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George W. Kattawar Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas

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Michael I. Mishchenko NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, New York

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Benjamin Cole * Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas

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Print Publication:
01 Jan 2013
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-12-039.1
Page(s):
330–347
Restricted access

Abstract

A data library is developed containing the scattering, absorption, and polarization properties of ice particles in the spectral range from 0.2 to 100 μm. The properties are computed based on a combination of the Amsterdam discrete dipole approximation (ADDA), the T-matrix method, and the improved geometric optics method (IGOM). The electromagnetic edge effect is incorporated into the extinction and absorption efficiencies computed from the IGOM. A full set of single-scattering properties is provided by considering three-dimensional random orientations for 11 ice crystal habits: droxtals, prolate spheroids, oblate spheroids, solid and hollow columns, compact aggregates composed of eight solid columns, hexagonal plates, small spatial aggregates composed of 5 plates, large spatial aggregates composed of 10 plates, and solid and hollow bullet rosettes. The maximum dimension of each habit ranges from 2 to 10 000 μm in 189 discrete sizes. For each ice crystal habit, three surface roughness conditions (i.e., smooth, moderately roughened, and severely roughened) are considered to account for the surface texture of large particles in the IGOM applicable domain. The data library contains the extinction efficiency, single-scattering albedo, asymmetry parameter, six independent nonzero elements of the phase matrix (P11, P12, P22, P33, P43, and P44), particle projected area, and particle volume to provide the basic single-scattering properties for remote sensing applications and radiative transfer simulations involving ice clouds. Furthermore, a comparison of satellite observations and theoretical simulations for the polarization characteristics of ice clouds demonstrates that ice cloud optical models assuming severely roughened ice crystals significantly outperform their counterparts assuming smooth ice crystals.

Corresponding author address: Prof. Ping Yang, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A&M University, TAMU-3150, College Station, TX 77843. E-mail: pyang@tamu.edu

Abstract

A data library is developed containing the scattering, absorption, and polarization properties of ice particles in the spectral range from 0.2 to 100 μm. The properties are computed based on a combination of the Amsterdam discrete dipole approximation (ADDA), the T-matrix method, and the improved geometric optics method (IGOM). The electromagnetic edge effect is incorporated into the extinction and absorption efficiencies computed from the IGOM. A full set of single-scattering properties is provided by considering three-dimensional random orientations for 11 ice crystal habits: droxtals, prolate spheroids, oblate spheroids, solid and hollow columns, compact aggregates composed of eight solid columns, hexagonal plates, small spatial aggregates composed of 5 plates, large spatial aggregates composed of 10 plates, and solid and hollow bullet rosettes. The maximum dimension of each habit ranges from 2 to 10 000 μm in 189 discrete sizes. For each ice crystal habit, three surface roughness conditions (i.e., smooth, moderately roughened, and severely roughened) are considered to account for the surface texture of large particles in the IGOM applicable domain. The data library contains the extinction efficiency, single-scattering albedo, asymmetry parameter, six independent nonzero elements of the phase matrix (P11, P12, P22, P33, P43, and P44), particle projected area, and particle volume to provide the basic single-scattering properties for remote sensing applications and radiative transfer simulations involving ice clouds. Furthermore, a comparison of satellite observations and theoretical simulations for the polarization characteristics of ice clouds demonstrates that ice cloud optical models assuming severely roughened ice crystals significantly outperform their counterparts assuming smooth ice crystals.

Corresponding author address: Prof. Ping Yang, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A&M University, TAMU-3150, College Station, TX 77843. E-mail: pyang@tamu.edu
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