The representation of tropical convection remains a serious challenge to the skillfulness of our weather and climate prediction systems. To address this challenge, the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) and The Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment (THORPEX) of the World Weather Research Programme (WWRP) are conducting a joint research activity consisting of a focus period approach along with an integrated research framework tailored to exploit the vast amounts of existing observations, expanding computational resources, and the development of new, high-resolution modeling frameworks. The objective of the Year of Tropical Convection (YOTC) is to use these constructs to advance the characterization, modeling, parameterization, and prediction of multiscale tropical convection, including relevant two-way interactions between tropical and extratropical systems. This article highlights the diverse array of scientifically interesting and socially important weather and climate events associated with the WCRP–WWRP/THORPEX YOTC period of interest: May 2008–April 2010. Notable during this 2-yr period was the change from cool to warm El Niño– Southern Oscillation (ENSO) states and the associated modulation of a wide range of smaller time- and space-scale tropical convection features. This period included a near-record-setting wet North American monsoon in 2008 and a very severe monsoon drought in India in 2009. There was also a plethora of tropical wave activity, including easterly waves, the Madden–Julian oscillation, and convectively coupled equatorial wave interactions. Numerous cases of high-impact rainfall events occurred along with notable features in the tropical cyclone record. The intent of this article is to highlight these features and phenomena, and in turn promote their interrogation via theory, observations, and models in concert with the YOTC program so that improved understanding and pre- dictions of tropical convection can be afforded.
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The “Year” of Tropical Convection (May 2008–April 2010): Climate Variability and Weather Highlights
Duane E. Waliser
Duane E. Waliser
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
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Mitchell W. Moncrieff
Mitchell W. Moncrieff
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado
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David Burridge
David Burridge
THORPE X, World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Andreas H. Fink
Andreas H. Fink
Institute of Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Dave Gochis
Dave Gochis
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado
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B. N. Goswami
B. N. Goswami
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado
Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune, India
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Bin Guan
Bin Guan
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
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Patrick Harr
Patrick Harr
Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California
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Julian Heming
Julian Heming
Met Office, Exeter, United Kingdom
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Huang-Hsuing Hsu
Huang-Hsuing Hsu
National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Christian Jakob
Christian Jakob
Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Matt Janiga
Matt Janiga
University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York
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Richard Johnson
Richard Johnson
Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
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Sarah Jones
Sarah Jones
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Peter Knippertz
Peter Knippertz
University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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Jose Marengo
Jose Marengo
Centro de Previsão de Tempo e Estudos Climáticos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Hanh Nguyen
Hanh Nguyen
University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York
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Mick Pope
Mick Pope
Bureau of Meteorology Training Centre, Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Yolande Serra
Yolande Serra
University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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Chris Thorncroft
Chris Thorncroft
University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York
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Matthew Wheeler
Matthew Wheeler
Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Robert Wood
Robert Wood
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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Sandra Yuter
Sandra Yuter
North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
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Displayed acceptance dates for articles published prior to 2023 are approximate to within a week. If needed, exact acceptance dates can be obtained by emailing amsjol@ametsoc.org.
The representation of tropical convection remains a serious challenge to the skillfulness of our weather and climate prediction systems. To address this challenge, the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) and The Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment (THORPEX) of the World Weather Research Programme (WWRP) are conducting a joint research activity consisting of a focus period approach along with an integrated research framework tailored to exploit the vast amounts of existing observations, expanding computational resources, and the development of new, high-resolution modeling frameworks. The objective of the Year of Tropical Convection (YOTC) is to use these constructs to advance the characterization, modeling, parameterization, and prediction of multiscale tropical convection, including relevant two-way interactions between tropical and extratropical systems. This article highlights the diverse array of scientifically interesting and socially important weather and climate events associated with the WCRP–WWRP/THORPEX YOTC period of interest: May 2008–April 2010. Notable during this 2-yr period was the change from cool to warm El Niño– Southern Oscillation (ENSO) states and the associated modulation of a wide range of smaller time- and space-scale tropical convection features. This period included a near-record-setting wet North American monsoon in 2008 and a very severe monsoon drought in India in 2009. There was also a plethora of tropical wave activity, including easterly waves, the Madden–Julian oscillation, and convectively coupled equatorial wave interactions. Numerous cases of high-impact rainfall events occurred along with notable features in the tropical cyclone record. The intent of this article is to highlight these features and phenomena, and in turn promote their interrogation via theory, observations, and models in concert with the YOTC program so that improved understanding and pre- dictions of tropical convection can be afforded.
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