Editorial Type:
Article
Article Type:
Research Article

On Estimating Wet Canopy Evaporation from Deciduous and Coniferous Forests in the Asian Monsoon Climate

Minseok Kang Global Environment Laboratory, and Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea

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Hyojung Kwon National Center for Agro-Meteorology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea

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Jung Hwa Cheon Division of Forest Conservation, Korea Forest Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea

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Joon Kim Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural Systems Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea

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Print Publication:
01 Jun 2012
Collections:
Hydrology in Earth System Science and Society (HESSS)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-11-07.1
Page(s):
950–965
Restricted access

Abstract

Continuous and direct measurement of evapotranspiration (ET) by the eddy covariance (EC) technique is still a challenge under monsoon climate because of a considerable amount of missing data during the long rainy periods and the consequential gap-filling process. Under such wet canopy conditions, especially in forests, evaporation of the intercepted precipitation (EWC) contributes significantly to the total ET. To quantify the role of EWC, leaf wetness has been measured at multiple levels in the canopy simultaneously with eddy covariance measurements at the KoFlux Gwangneung deciduous and coniferous forests for the entire year from September 2007 to August 2008. In this study, the measured EWC and the controlling mechanism during the wet canopy conditions have been scrutinized. Based on the evaluation of the four different algorithms of EWC estimation, that of the variable infiltration capacity (VIC) land surface model (LSM) has been adopted. All the missing EWC data are then recalculated by using the algorithm of VIC LSM and compared against the traditionally gap-filled EWC data based on the modified lookup table (MLT) method. The latter consistently underestimated EWC on average by 39% in deciduous forest and by 28% in coniferous forest. Major causes of such differences were due to the failure of considering aerodynamic coupling, advection of sensible heat, and heat storage in the MLT-based gap-filling method. Accordingly, a new gap-filling strategy for EWC is proposed that takes proper controlling mechanisms into account.

Corresponding author address: Hyojung Kwon, National Center for Agro-Meteorology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, South Korea. E-mail: hyojungkwon@snu.ac.kr

This article is included in the Hydrology in Earth System Science and Society (HESSS) special collection.

Abstract

Continuous and direct measurement of evapotranspiration (ET) by the eddy covariance (EC) technique is still a challenge under monsoon climate because of a considerable amount of missing data during the long rainy periods and the consequential gap-filling process. Under such wet canopy conditions, especially in forests, evaporation of the intercepted precipitation (EWC) contributes significantly to the total ET. To quantify the role of EWC, leaf wetness has been measured at multiple levels in the canopy simultaneously with eddy covariance measurements at the KoFlux Gwangneung deciduous and coniferous forests for the entire year from September 2007 to August 2008. In this study, the measured EWC and the controlling mechanism during the wet canopy conditions have been scrutinized. Based on the evaluation of the four different algorithms of EWC estimation, that of the variable infiltration capacity (VIC) land surface model (LSM) has been adopted. All the missing EWC data are then recalculated by using the algorithm of VIC LSM and compared against the traditionally gap-filled EWC data based on the modified lookup table (MLT) method. The latter consistently underestimated EWC on average by 39% in deciduous forest and by 28% in coniferous forest. Major causes of such differences were due to the failure of considering aerodynamic coupling, advection of sensible heat, and heat storage in the MLT-based gap-filling method. Accordingly, a new gap-filling strategy for EWC is proposed that takes proper controlling mechanisms into account.

Corresponding author address: Hyojung Kwon, National Center for Agro-Meteorology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, South Korea. E-mail: hyojungkwon@snu.ac.kr

This article is included in the Hydrology in Earth System Science and Society (HESSS) special collection.

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