Editorial Type:
Article
Article Type:
Research Article

Evaluation of Snowfall Retrieval Performance of GPM Constellation Radiometers Relative to Spaceborne Radars

Yalei You aDepartment of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina

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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3585-0115
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George Huffman bNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland

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Veljko Petkovic aDepartment of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina

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Lisa Milani bNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
cEarth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland

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John X. Yang aDepartment of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina

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Ardeshir Ebtehaj dDepartment of Civil Environmental and Geo-Engineering and the Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota

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Sajad Vahedizade dDepartment of Civil Environmental and Geo-Engineering and the Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota

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Guojun Gu aDepartment of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina

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Online Publication:
01 Mar 2023
Print Publication:
01 Mar 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-22-0052.1
Page(s):
389–405
Restricted access

Abstract

This study assesses the level-2 snowfall retrieval results from 11 passive microwave radiometers generated by the version 5 Goddard profiling algorithm (GPROF) relative to two spaceborne radars: CloudSat Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR) and Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Ku-band Precipitation Radar (KuPR). These 11 radiometers include six conical scanning radiometers [Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System (AMSR-E), its successor sensor AMSR2, GPM Microwave Imager (GMI), and three Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounders (SSMIS)] and five cross-track scanning radiometers [Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) and four Microwave Humidity Sounders (MHS)]. Results show that over ocean conical scanning radiometers have better detection and intensity estimation skills than cross-track sensors, likely due to the availability and usage of the low-frequency channels (e.g., 19 and 37 GHz). Over land, AMSR-E and AMSR2 have noticeably worse performance than other sensors, primarily due to the lack of higher than 89-GHz channels (e.g., 150, 166, and 183 GHz). Over both land and ocean, all 11 sensors severely underestimate the snowfall intensity, which propagates to the widely used level 3 precipitation product [i.e., Integrated Multi-satelliteE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG)]. These conclusions hold regardless of using either KuPR or CPR as the reference, though the statistical metrics vary quantitatively. The conclusions drawn from these comparisons apply solely to the GPROF version 5 algorithm.

© 2023 American Meteorological Society. For information regarding reuse of this content and general copyright information, consult the AMS Copyright Policy (www.ametsoc.org/PUBSReuseLicenses).

This article is included in the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM): Science and Applications Special Collection.

This article is included in the Peter J. Lamb Special Collection: Climate Variability and Its Impacts Special Collection.

Corresponding author: Yalei You, youy@uncw.edu

Abstract

This study assesses the level-2 snowfall retrieval results from 11 passive microwave radiometers generated by the version 5 Goddard profiling algorithm (GPROF) relative to two spaceborne radars: CloudSat Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR) and Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Ku-band Precipitation Radar (KuPR). These 11 radiometers include six conical scanning radiometers [Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System (AMSR-E), its successor sensor AMSR2, GPM Microwave Imager (GMI), and three Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounders (SSMIS)] and five cross-track scanning radiometers [Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) and four Microwave Humidity Sounders (MHS)]. Results show that over ocean conical scanning radiometers have better detection and intensity estimation skills than cross-track sensors, likely due to the availability and usage of the low-frequency channels (e.g., 19 and 37 GHz). Over land, AMSR-E and AMSR2 have noticeably worse performance than other sensors, primarily due to the lack of higher than 89-GHz channels (e.g., 150, 166, and 183 GHz). Over both land and ocean, all 11 sensors severely underestimate the snowfall intensity, which propagates to the widely used level 3 precipitation product [i.e., Integrated Multi-satelliteE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG)]. These conclusions hold regardless of using either KuPR or CPR as the reference, though the statistical metrics vary quantitatively. The conclusions drawn from these comparisons apply solely to the GPROF version 5 algorithm.

© 2023 American Meteorological Society. For information regarding reuse of this content and general copyright information, consult the AMS Copyright Policy (www.ametsoc.org/PUBSReuseLicenses).

This article is included in the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM): Science and Applications Special Collection.

This article is included in the Peter J. Lamb Special Collection: Climate Variability and Its Impacts Special Collection.

Corresponding author: Yalei You, youy@uncw.edu
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