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Editorial Type:
Article
Article Type:
Research Article

Comparison of Three Cloud Schemes in Winter Storm Forecasts

André Tremblay1, Anna Glazer1, and Louis Garand2
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  • 1 Cloud Physics Research Division, Atmospheric Environment Service, Dorval, Quebec, Canada
  • | 2 Data Assimilation and Satellite Meteorology Division, Atmospheric Environment Service, Dorval, Quebec, Canada
Print Publication:
01 Dec 2001
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(2001)129<2923:COTCSI>2.0.CO;2
Page(s):
2923–2938
Restricted access

Abstract

To improve cloud and precipitation forecasts in the Canadian numerical weather prediction system, three cloud schemes with various degrees of complexity are evaluated. Several winter cases are simulated and mesoscale forecasts are compared with satellite, radiosonde, and surface observations. In particular, the distribution of cloud-top pressure is studied in detail using Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-8 (GOES-8) data. The three-dimensional structure of temperature and moisture is compared with upper-air data and forecasts of surface precipitation are scored against synoptic observations. This study demonstrates that the operational Canadian cloud scheme has problems that can be partially addressed by the inclusion of more realistic cloud microphysics in the forecast system.

Corresponding author address: Dr. André Tremblay, Cloud Physics Research Division, Atmospheric Environment Service, 2121 Trans Canada Highway, Dorval, QC H9P 1J3, Canada. Email: andre.tremblay@ec.gc.ca

Abstract

To improve cloud and precipitation forecasts in the Canadian numerical weather prediction system, three cloud schemes with various degrees of complexity are evaluated. Several winter cases are simulated and mesoscale forecasts are compared with satellite, radiosonde, and surface observations. In particular, the distribution of cloud-top pressure is studied in detail using Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-8 (GOES-8) data. The three-dimensional structure of temperature and moisture is compared with upper-air data and forecasts of surface precipitation are scored against synoptic observations. This study demonstrates that the operational Canadian cloud scheme has problems that can be partially addressed by the inclusion of more realistic cloud microphysics in the forecast system.

Corresponding author address: Dr. André Tremblay, Cloud Physics Research Division, Atmospheric Environment Service, 2121 Trans Canada Highway, Dorval, QC H9P 1J3, Canada. Email: andre.tremblay@ec.gc.ca

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