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Editorial Type:
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Article Type:
Research Article

On the Realism of the Rain Microphysics Representation of a Squall Line in the WRF Model. Part II: Sensitivity Studies on the Rain Drop Size Distributions

Céline Planche1, Frédéric Tridon2, Sandra Banson1, Gregory Thompson3, Marie Monier1, Alessandro Battaglia4, and Wolfram Wobrock1
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  • 1 Université Clermont Auvergne, INSU-CNRS UMR 6016, Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique, Clermont-Ferrand, France
  • | 2 Earth Observation Science, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
  • | 3 Research Applications Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 4 Earth Observation Science, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and National Center for Earth Observation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
Print Publication:
01 Aug 2019
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-18-0019.1
Page(s):
2811–2825
A related article is available
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Abstract

A comparison between retrieved properties of the rain drop size distributions (DSDs) from multifrequency cloud radar observations and WRF Model results using either the Morrison or the Thompson bulk microphysics scheme is performed in order to evaluate the model’s ability to predict the rain microphysics. This comparison reveals discrepancies in the vertical profile of the rain DSDs for the stratiform region of the squall-line system observed on 12 June 2011 over Oklahoma. Based on numerical sensitivity analyses, this study addresses the bias at the top of the rain layer and the vertical evolution of the DSD properties (i.e., of Dm and N0*). In this way, the Thompson scheme is used to explore the sensitivity to the melting process. Moreover, using the Thompson and Morrison schemes, the sensitivity of the DSD vertical evolution to different breakup and self-collection parameterizations is studied. Results show that the DSDs are strongly dependent on the representation of the melting process in the Thompson scheme. In the Morrison scheme, the simulations with more efficient breakup reproduce the DSD properties with better fidelity. This study highlights how the inaccuracies in simulated Dm and N0* for both microphysics schemes can impact the evaporation rate, which is systematically underestimated in the model.

Current affiliation: Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Supplemental information related to this paper is available at the Journals Online website: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-18-0019.s1.

© 2019 American Meteorological Society. For information regarding reuse of this content and general copyright information, consult the AMS Copyright Policy (www.ametsoc.org/PUBSReuseLicenses).

Corresponding author: Céline Planche, celine.planche@uca.fr

This article has a companion article which can be found at http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/MWR-D-18-0018.1

Abstract

A comparison between retrieved properties of the rain drop size distributions (DSDs) from multifrequency cloud radar observations and WRF Model results using either the Morrison or the Thompson bulk microphysics scheme is performed in order to evaluate the model’s ability to predict the rain microphysics. This comparison reveals discrepancies in the vertical profile of the rain DSDs for the stratiform region of the squall-line system observed on 12 June 2011 over Oklahoma. Based on numerical sensitivity analyses, this study addresses the bias at the top of the rain layer and the vertical evolution of the DSD properties (i.e., of Dm and N0*). In this way, the Thompson scheme is used to explore the sensitivity to the melting process. Moreover, using the Thompson and Morrison schemes, the sensitivity of the DSD vertical evolution to different breakup and self-collection parameterizations is studied. Results show that the DSDs are strongly dependent on the representation of the melting process in the Thompson scheme. In the Morrison scheme, the simulations with more efficient breakup reproduce the DSD properties with better fidelity. This study highlights how the inaccuracies in simulated Dm and N0* for both microphysics schemes can impact the evaporation rate, which is systematically underestimated in the model.

Current affiliation: Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Supplemental information related to this paper is available at the Journals Online website: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-18-0019.s1.

© 2019 American Meteorological Society. For information regarding reuse of this content and general copyright information, consult the AMS Copyright Policy (www.ametsoc.org/PUBSReuseLicenses).

Corresponding author: Céline Planche, celine.planche@uca.fr

This article has a companion article which can be found at http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/MWR-D-18-0018.1

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