Editorial Type:
Article
Article Type:
Research Article

Approximate Stokes Drift Profiles in Deep Water

Øyvind Breivik European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Shinfield Park, Reading, United Kingdom

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Peter A. E. M. Janssen European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Shinfield Park, Reading, United Kingdom

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Jean-Raymond Bidlot European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Shinfield Park, Reading, United Kingdom

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Print Publication:
01 Sep 2014
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-14-0020.1
Page(s):
2433–2445
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Abstract

A deep-water approximation of the Stokes drift velocity profile is explored as an alternative to the monochromatic profile. The alternative profile investigated relies on the same two quantities required for the monochromatic profile, namely, the Stokes transport and the surface Stokes drift velocity. Comparisons with parametric spectra and profiles under wave spectra from the Interim ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim) and buoy observations reveal much better agreement than the monochromatic profile even for complex sea states. That the profile gives a closer match and a more correct shear has implications for ocean circulation models since the Coriolis–Stokes force depends on the magnitude and direction of the Stokes drift profile, and Langmuir turbulence parameterizations depend sensitively on the shear of the profile. The alternative profile comes at no added numerical cost compared to the monochromatic profile.

Author ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2900-8458.

Corresponding author address: Øyvind Breivik, ECMWF, Shinfield Park, Reading, RG2 9AX, United Kingdom. E-mail: oyvind.breivik@ecmwf.int

Abstract

A deep-water approximation of the Stokes drift velocity profile is explored as an alternative to the monochromatic profile. The alternative profile investigated relies on the same two quantities required for the monochromatic profile, namely, the Stokes transport and the surface Stokes drift velocity. Comparisons with parametric spectra and profiles under wave spectra from the Interim ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim) and buoy observations reveal much better agreement than the monochromatic profile even for complex sea states. That the profile gives a closer match and a more correct shear has implications for ocean circulation models since the Coriolis–Stokes force depends on the magnitude and direction of the Stokes drift profile, and Langmuir turbulence parameterizations depend sensitively on the shear of the profile. The alternative profile comes at no added numerical cost compared to the monochromatic profile.

Author ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2900-8458.

Corresponding author address: Øyvind Breivik, ECMWF, Shinfield Park, Reading, RG2 9AX, United Kingdom. E-mail: oyvind.breivik@ecmwf.int
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