Abstract
Mixing layers near sloped topography in the abyss are thought to play a critical role in the global overturning circulation. Yet the behavior of passive tracers within sloping boundary layer systems has received little attention, despite the extensive use of tracer observations to understand abyssal circulation. Here, we investigate the behavior of a passive tracer released near a sloping boundary within a flow governed by one-dimensional boundary layer theory. The spreading rate of the tracer across isopycnals is influenced by factors such as the bottom-intensification of mixing, the dipole of upwelling (in the boundary layer) and downwelling (in the outer mixing layer), and along-isopycnal diffusion. For isolated near-boundary tracer releases, the bulk diffusivity, proportional to the rate of increase of the variance of the tracer distribution in buoyancy space, is much less than what would be expected from averaging the diapycnal diffusivity over the tracer patch. This stems from the presence of the bottom boundary that prevents tracer diffusion through it. Furthermore, when along-isopycnal diffusion is weak, the boundary tends to drive the tracer up the slope toward less dense fluid on average due to asymmetries between boundary layer and interior flows. With strong along-isopycnal diffusion this upslope movement is reduced, while at the same time the average diapycnal spreading rate is increased due to a reduced influence of the bottom boundary. These results have implications for what can be learned about the characteristics of mixing near sloping boundaries from past and future tracer-release experiments.
Current affiliation: LOCEAN Laboratory, Sorbonne Université-CNRS-IRD-MNHN, Paris, France.
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