Editorial Type:
Article
Article Type:
Research Article

Interactions between Irregular Wave Fields and Sea Ice: A Physical Model for Wave Attenuation and Ice Breakup in an Ice Tank

Giulio Passerotti aThe University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3112-6856
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Luke G. Bennetts bUniversity of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

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Franz von Bock und Polach cHamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
dUniversität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany

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Alberto Alberello eUniversità di Torino, Turin, Italy

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Otto Puolakka fAalto University, Helsinki, Finland

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Azam Dolatshah aThe University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

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Jaak Monbaliu gKU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

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Alessandro Toffoli aThe University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

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Online Publication:
16 Jun 2022
Print Publication:
01 Jul 2022
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-21-0238.1
Page(s):
1431–1446
Restricted access

Abstract

Irregular, unidirectional surface water waves incident on model ice in an ice tank are used as a physical model of ocean surface wave interactions with sea ice. Results are given for an experiment consisting of three tests, starting with a continuous ice cover and in which the incident wave steepness increases between tests. The incident waves range from causing no breakup of the ice cover to breakup of the full length of ice cover. Temporal evolution of the ice edge, breaking front, and mean floe sizes are reported. Floe size distributions in the different tests are analyzed. The evolution of the wave spectrum with distance into the ice-covered water is analyzed in terms of changes of energy content, mean wave period, and spectral bandwidth relative to their incident counterparts, and pronounced differences are found between the tests. Further, an empirical attenuation coefficient is derived from the measurements and shown to have a power-law dependence on frequency comparable to that found in field measurements. Links between wave properties and ice breakup are discussed.

© 2022 American Meteorological Society. For information regarding reuse of this content and general copyright information, consult the AMS Copyright Policy (www.ametsoc.org/PUBSReuseLicenses).

Alberello’s current affiliation: University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.

Dolatshah’s current affiliation: BMT Commercial Australia Pty Ltd, Australia.

Corresponding authors: Giulio Passerotti, giuliopasserotti@gmail.com; Alessandro Toffoli, toffoli.alessandro@gmail.com

Abstract

Irregular, unidirectional surface water waves incident on model ice in an ice tank are used as a physical model of ocean surface wave interactions with sea ice. Results are given for an experiment consisting of three tests, starting with a continuous ice cover and in which the incident wave steepness increases between tests. The incident waves range from causing no breakup of the ice cover to breakup of the full length of ice cover. Temporal evolution of the ice edge, breaking front, and mean floe sizes are reported. Floe size distributions in the different tests are analyzed. The evolution of the wave spectrum with distance into the ice-covered water is analyzed in terms of changes of energy content, mean wave period, and spectral bandwidth relative to their incident counterparts, and pronounced differences are found between the tests. Further, an empirical attenuation coefficient is derived from the measurements and shown to have a power-law dependence on frequency comparable to that found in field measurements. Links between wave properties and ice breakup are discussed.

© 2022 American Meteorological Society. For information regarding reuse of this content and general copyright information, consult the AMS Copyright Policy (www.ametsoc.org/PUBSReuseLicenses).

Alberello’s current affiliation: University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.

Dolatshah’s current affiliation: BMT Commercial Australia Pty Ltd, Australia.

Corresponding authors: Giulio Passerotti, giuliopasserotti@gmail.com; Alessandro Toffoli, toffoli.alessandro@gmail.com

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