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- Author or Editor: J. A. Ewing x
- Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology x
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Abstract
A model for computing global solar radiation at the surface was formulated for use with satellite observations. A compromise in the approach was necessary, whereby the model accuracy and the inherent limitations of satellite observations were made compatible. A three-layer model atmosphere was used. The part of the solar spectrum from 0.3 to 0.7 μm was split into four equally spaced spectral intervals; the region from 0.7 to 4 μm was divided into eight nonspectral intervals. Use was made of the Delta–Eddington approximation, and parameterization was applied to the optical properties of Rayleigh scattering, water vapor absorption, aerosol absorption and scattering, and cloud absorption and scattering. Ozone absorption was also accounted for. The primary driving input of the model is the cloud optical depth, which can be inferred either from satellite observations (Experiment A) or from surface cloud observations (Experiment B). In Experiment A, the model was run for the months of May–August 1982 to produce estimates of daily cumulative insulation for Toronto, Canada. The mean value of the daily estimate was 19.61 MJ m−2. While the mean measured value was 19.72 MJ m−2. The correlation between the predicted and measured daily totals was 0.944, and the standard error of estimate was 2.47 MJ m−2, which is 12.5% of the mean observed value. Experiment B was run for the months May–August of 1981 and 1982. The standard errors of estimate were 16 and 18% of the respective means.
Abstract
A model for computing global solar radiation at the surface was formulated for use with satellite observations. A compromise in the approach was necessary, whereby the model accuracy and the inherent limitations of satellite observations were made compatible. A three-layer model atmosphere was used. The part of the solar spectrum from 0.3 to 0.7 μm was split into four equally spaced spectral intervals; the region from 0.7 to 4 μm was divided into eight nonspectral intervals. Use was made of the Delta–Eddington approximation, and parameterization was applied to the optical properties of Rayleigh scattering, water vapor absorption, aerosol absorption and scattering, and cloud absorption and scattering. Ozone absorption was also accounted for. The primary driving input of the model is the cloud optical depth, which can be inferred either from satellite observations (Experiment A) or from surface cloud observations (Experiment B). In Experiment A, the model was run for the months of May–August 1982 to produce estimates of daily cumulative insulation for Toronto, Canada. The mean value of the daily estimate was 19.61 MJ m−2. While the mean measured value was 19.72 MJ m−2. The correlation between the predicted and measured daily totals was 0.944, and the standard error of estimate was 2.47 MJ m−2, which is 12.5% of the mean observed value. Experiment B was run for the months May–August of 1981 and 1982. The standard errors of estimate were 16 and 18% of the respective means.
Abstract
In this study, an attempt has been made to derive the daily net radiation at the top of the atmosphere using the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) visible (0.55–0.75 μm) and IR window (10.5–12.5 μm) observations and to correlate it with the net radiation at the surface. The NOAA/NESDIS agency arranged for the collection of GOES-E satellite data for a two year period (1981–82) at selected sites in Canada, where surface net radiation is observed routinely. The derived daily average net radiation at the top of the atmosphere was found to be highly correlated to the daily average net radiation at the surface. Preliminary tests of a statistical approach to estimate the surface daily average net radiation from satellite observations of planetary daily average net radiation yielded encouraging results. It was also demonstrated that when the averaging period for the net radiation was increased from one to ten days, the standard error of estimate was reduced from 20 to 7 W m−2.
Abstract
In this study, an attempt has been made to derive the daily net radiation at the top of the atmosphere using the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) visible (0.55–0.75 μm) and IR window (10.5–12.5 μm) observations and to correlate it with the net radiation at the surface. The NOAA/NESDIS agency arranged for the collection of GOES-E satellite data for a two year period (1981–82) at selected sites in Canada, where surface net radiation is observed routinely. The derived daily average net radiation at the top of the atmosphere was found to be highly correlated to the daily average net radiation at the surface. Preliminary tests of a statistical approach to estimate the surface daily average net radiation from satellite observations of planetary daily average net radiation yielded encouraging results. It was also demonstrated that when the averaging period for the net radiation was increased from one to ten days, the standard error of estimate was reduced from 20 to 7 W m−2.
