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- Author or Editor: Richard G. Semonin x
- Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society x
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Illinois is completing a comprehensive statewide water plan. The plan selects three atmospheric issues, among the 11 identified as key issues facing the state's water resources. The issues selected include climate change and prediction, inadvertent weather and climate modification, and planned weather modification. Each atmospheric issue presents major resource or policy problems, with capabilities needed to enhance the quality and/or quantity of the state's waters. The identification of these atmospheric issues reveals awareness at the policy level of their importance. Policy and programmatic needs found to be common to each issue include 1) collection of more data and continued research (with an increasing state role); 2) coordinated policy development around atmospheric expertise from several agencies and universities; and 3) an expanded public information program. A Climate Detection and Assistance Board is to be established in Illinois to provide the planning, coordination, and assistance needed to address atmospheric issues.
Illinois is completing a comprehensive statewide water plan. The plan selects three atmospheric issues, among the 11 identified as key issues facing the state's water resources. The issues selected include climate change and prediction, inadvertent weather and climate modification, and planned weather modification. Each atmospheric issue presents major resource or policy problems, with capabilities needed to enhance the quality and/or quantity of the state's waters. The identification of these atmospheric issues reveals awareness at the policy level of their importance. Policy and programmatic needs found to be common to each issue include 1) collection of more data and continued research (with an increasing state role); 2) coordinated policy development around atmospheric expertise from several agencies and universities; and 3) an expanded public information program. A Climate Detection and Assistance Board is to be established in Illinois to provide the planning, coordination, and assistance needed to address atmospheric issues.
A series of mesoscale meteorological research projects have developed since 1975 in the area over and around the south end of Lake Michigan. These regionally focused projects, under the label of the Chicago Area Program (CAP), are being performed by scientists from 12 research groups or universities using funds from a variety of state and federal agencies. Efforts to date have led to the installation and operation of a major rain gage network, other weather networks and sondes, several weather radars, meteorological aircraft, and a ship. This sizeable program is addressing five major study areas including lake meteorology, water resources and hydrometeorology, inadvertent weather modification, air pollution and its impacts, and severe weather. Multigroup field experiments and the exchange of data are coordinated at the scientist level.
A series of mesoscale meteorological research projects have developed since 1975 in the area over and around the south end of Lake Michigan. These regionally focused projects, under the label of the Chicago Area Program (CAP), are being performed by scientists from 12 research groups or universities using funds from a variety of state and federal agencies. Efforts to date have led to the installation and operation of a major rain gage network, other weather networks and sondes, several weather radars, meteorological aircraft, and a ship. This sizeable program is addressing five major study areas including lake meteorology, water resources and hydrometeorology, inadvertent weather modification, air pollution and its impacts, and severe weather. Multigroup field experiments and the exchange of data are coordinated at the scientist level.
METROMEX, a field project designed and now in progress at St. Louis, involves 4 research groups planning and working cooperatively to study inadvertent weather modification by urban-industrial effects, and, in particular, man-made changes of precipitation. Urban areas affect most forms of weather and some, such as winds, temperature, and visibility, are obvious and their changes are easily measured. Inadvertent precipitation changes are harder to measure, and except for the well-documented La Porte anomaly, urban-related rain changes have had only limited study. Examination of historical data at St. Louis has revealed summer increases in the immediate downwind area of: 1) rainfall (10–17%); 2) moderate rain days (11–23%); 3) heavy rainstorms (80%); 4) thunderstorms (21%); and 5) hailstorms (30%). METROMEX field measurements in the summer of 1971 involved 220 raingages and hailpads, 3 radar sets, 70 rainwater collectors, 14 pibal stations, 4 meteorological aircraft, unique atmospheric tracers, and a wide variety of standard and unusual meteorological equipment. These measurement tools were used to provide information on 1) the processes of cloud and precipitation formation, 2) the chemistry of aerosols and rainwater, 3) the urban heat budget, 4) the 3-D patterns of precipitation elements, and 5) the airflow and cloud development for numerical models.
METROMEX, a field project designed and now in progress at St. Louis, involves 4 research groups planning and working cooperatively to study inadvertent weather modification by urban-industrial effects, and, in particular, man-made changes of precipitation. Urban areas affect most forms of weather and some, such as winds, temperature, and visibility, are obvious and their changes are easily measured. Inadvertent precipitation changes are harder to measure, and except for the well-documented La Porte anomaly, urban-related rain changes have had only limited study. Examination of historical data at St. Louis has revealed summer increases in the immediate downwind area of: 1) rainfall (10–17%); 2) moderate rain days (11–23%); 3) heavy rainstorms (80%); 4) thunderstorms (21%); and 5) hailstorms (30%). METROMEX field measurements in the summer of 1971 involved 220 raingages and hailpads, 3 radar sets, 70 rainwater collectors, 14 pibal stations, 4 meteorological aircraft, unique atmospheric tracers, and a wide variety of standard and unusual meteorological equipment. These measurement tools were used to provide information on 1) the processes of cloud and precipitation formation, 2) the chemistry of aerosols and rainwater, 3) the urban heat budget, 4) the 3-D patterns of precipitation elements, and 5) the airflow and cloud development for numerical models.
