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- Author or Editor: Zhi Li x
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Abstract
Human behaviors are believed to be sensitive to environmental conditions. However, little is known about the role of temperature in individual daily behaviors. We examine the links between temperature and food intake using nearly one million purchasing records from China. The results show that a 1°C increase in temperature would cause a 0.11% decrease in food intake, which amounts to USD 4.2 million of daily food expenditures nationwide. Moreover, females appear to be more sensitive to the temperature in their food intake than males. In addition, we observe a U-shaped relationship between the temperature and the willingness to order a takeout online, and this observation is robust under multiple alternative estimations. Our results indicate that a higher temperature would reduce energy demand for body thermoregulation, resulting in less food intake. Both extreme high and low temperatures can cause disutility. Therefore, the consumers who still want to satisfy their needs for food intake feel compelled to alter their willingness to pay under the extreme temperature events. The quantitative analysis can provide helpful references for modeling the climate–consumer relationship in integrated assessment models. Thus, it is an interesting avenue for future research to bridge the climate and consumers to identify welfare loss and inequality due to climate change.
Abstract
Human behaviors are believed to be sensitive to environmental conditions. However, little is known about the role of temperature in individual daily behaviors. We examine the links between temperature and food intake using nearly one million purchasing records from China. The results show that a 1°C increase in temperature would cause a 0.11% decrease in food intake, which amounts to USD 4.2 million of daily food expenditures nationwide. Moreover, females appear to be more sensitive to the temperature in their food intake than males. In addition, we observe a U-shaped relationship between the temperature and the willingness to order a takeout online, and this observation is robust under multiple alternative estimations. Our results indicate that a higher temperature would reduce energy demand for body thermoregulation, resulting in less food intake. Both extreme high and low temperatures can cause disutility. Therefore, the consumers who still want to satisfy their needs for food intake feel compelled to alter their willingness to pay under the extreme temperature events. The quantitative analysis can provide helpful references for modeling the climate–consumer relationship in integrated assessment models. Thus, it is an interesting avenue for future research to bridge the climate and consumers to identify welfare loss and inequality due to climate change.
Abstract
Climate change has posed inequitable risks to different communities. Among communities of color in the US, Native Americans stand out because (1) they desire resources to sustain resilient nations; and (2) they have developed nature-based solutions through experiences with local climate-related challenges, which can provide deep insight for the whole society. Projection of climate risks for Native Americans is essential to assess future risks and support their climate-ready nations; yet, there has been lack of useable information. In this study, we projected three climate hazards – heavy rainfall, two-year floods, flash floods – for tribal nations in Oklahoma. To break down into tribal jurisdictions, we utilize a coupled regional climate model at 4 km and flash flood forecast model at 1 km. A hazard-exposure-vulnerability risk framework is applied to integrate both climate and demographic changes in a high-emissions scenario. It is found that: (1) indigenous people are the most vulnerable community in Oklahoma; (2) heavy rainfall and two-year floods have marked increases in risks at 501.1% and 632.6%, respectively, while flash floods have a moderate increase (296.4%); (3) Native Americans bear 68.0%, 64.3%, and 64.0% higher risks in heavy rainfall, two-year flooding, and flash flooding than general population in Oklahoma; (3) comparing climate and demographic changes, population growth leads to greater climate hazard risks than climate change; and (4) Emerging Tribal Nations are projected to have 10 times more population, resulting in great exposures to climate extremes. This study can raise awareness of the impact of climate changes, and draw attention to address climate injustice issues for minoritized communities.
Abstract
Climate change has posed inequitable risks to different communities. Among communities of color in the US, Native Americans stand out because (1) they desire resources to sustain resilient nations; and (2) they have developed nature-based solutions through experiences with local climate-related challenges, which can provide deep insight for the whole society. Projection of climate risks for Native Americans is essential to assess future risks and support their climate-ready nations; yet, there has been lack of useable information. In this study, we projected three climate hazards – heavy rainfall, two-year floods, flash floods – for tribal nations in Oklahoma. To break down into tribal jurisdictions, we utilize a coupled regional climate model at 4 km and flash flood forecast model at 1 km. A hazard-exposure-vulnerability risk framework is applied to integrate both climate and demographic changes in a high-emissions scenario. It is found that: (1) indigenous people are the most vulnerable community in Oklahoma; (2) heavy rainfall and two-year floods have marked increases in risks at 501.1% and 632.6%, respectively, while flash floods have a moderate increase (296.4%); (3) Native Americans bear 68.0%, 64.3%, and 64.0% higher risks in heavy rainfall, two-year flooding, and flash flooding than general population in Oklahoma; (3) comparing climate and demographic changes, population growth leads to greater climate hazard risks than climate change; and (4) Emerging Tribal Nations are projected to have 10 times more population, resulting in great exposures to climate extremes. This study can raise awareness of the impact of climate changes, and draw attention to address climate injustice issues for minoritized communities.
