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with members of the public ( Uccellini and Ten Hoeve 2019 ). However, only recently have researchers established the connection between strong organization–public relationships and successful risk communication ( Chon and Park 2021 ; Liu and Atwell Seate 2021 ). Likewise, only recently has the research community distinguished between strategic communication during threat and nonthreat conditions ( B. F. Liu et al. 2020 ; Olson et al. 2019 ; Sutton et al. 2019 ). Our study builds on this
with members of the public ( Uccellini and Ten Hoeve 2019 ). However, only recently have researchers established the connection between strong organization–public relationships and successful risk communication ( Chon and Park 2021 ; Liu and Atwell Seate 2021 ). Likewise, only recently has the research community distinguished between strategic communication during threat and nonthreat conditions ( B. F. Liu et al. 2020 ; Olson et al. 2019 ; Sutton et al. 2019 ). Our study builds on this
). Among the many challenges is overreliance on either scientific or indigenous knowledge instead of using both for better outcomes ( Gyampoh et al. 2009 ). In Zimbabwe (the current study country), blended forecasts combining scientific and indigenous forecasts are developed during stakeholder participatory scenario planning preseason meetings in Chiredzi and Mwenezi Districts (authors’ experience). Smallholder farmers, National Meteorological Services personnel, agricultural extensions officers, and
). Among the many challenges is overreliance on either scientific or indigenous knowledge instead of using both for better outcomes ( Gyampoh et al. 2009 ). In Zimbabwe (the current study country), blended forecasts combining scientific and indigenous forecasts are developed during stakeholder participatory scenario planning preseason meetings in Chiredzi and Mwenezi Districts (authors’ experience). Smallholder farmers, National Meteorological Services personnel, agricultural extensions officers, and
1. Introduction Climate change imposes critical pressure on agricultural production that is already struggling to feed the burgeoning world population. The increasing temperature and changing precipitation patterns coupled with increasing extreme events have negatively affected crop yield around the globe and specifically in the lower latitudinal regions of the world ( Dinu 2019 ). Several studies ( Chandio et al. 2020 ; Guntukula 2019 ; Prăvălie et al. 2020 ) predict a substantial
1. Introduction Climate change imposes critical pressure on agricultural production that is already struggling to feed the burgeoning world population. The increasing temperature and changing precipitation patterns coupled with increasing extreme events have negatively affected crop yield around the globe and specifically in the lower latitudinal regions of the world ( Dinu 2019 ). Several studies ( Chandio et al. 2020 ; Guntukula 2019 ; Prăvălie et al. 2020 ) predict a substantial
effects of drought ( Wu et al. 2013 ; Zhou et al. 2013 ; Zhao et al. 2016 ; Bortels et al. 2011 ). Coupled human and climate (CHC) effects are becoming increasingly important in ecosystem studies and in the sustainable management of land and water use ( MacMartin et al. 2014 ; Rowhani et al. 2011 ; Zhang et al. 2013 ; Wang et al. 2009 ) Taking CHC into account allows the development of mitigation strategies on human activities in order to alleviate some of the negative impacts of climate change
effects of drought ( Wu et al. 2013 ; Zhou et al. 2013 ; Zhao et al. 2016 ; Bortels et al. 2011 ). Coupled human and climate (CHC) effects are becoming increasingly important in ecosystem studies and in the sustainable management of land and water use ( MacMartin et al. 2014 ; Rowhani et al. 2011 ; Zhang et al. 2013 ; Wang et al. 2009 ) Taking CHC into account allows the development of mitigation strategies on human activities in order to alleviate some of the negative impacts of climate change
1. Introduction Across Africa, climate change and variability pose additional stresses to smallholder farmers who already have challenging livelihoods. Widespread and gendered poverty, food and nutrition insecurity, HIV/AIDS, and agricultural transition and decline wrought by an increase in pathogens affecting people, plants, and animals; decreasing soil fertility; and diminishing farming land are among the chief challenges currently affecting the Bahaya ( Githinji 2008 , 2009a , b , 2011a
1. Introduction Across Africa, climate change and variability pose additional stresses to smallholder farmers who already have challenging livelihoods. Widespread and gendered poverty, food and nutrition insecurity, HIV/AIDS, and agricultural transition and decline wrought by an increase in pathogens affecting people, plants, and animals; decreasing soil fertility; and diminishing farming land are among the chief challenges currently affecting the Bahaya ( Githinji 2008 , 2009a , b , 2011a
hailstorms, how hailstorm severity is conceptualized, whether exposure and sensitivity to hailstorms are perceived to be changing over time, and how warning messages for hail are received and interpreted. Gaining an understanding of these questions and others can lead to more effective risk communication, endeavors to support the most vulnerable, and future research pathways to study hailstorm characteristics. This study is the first to specifically investigate hailstorm perceptions through the lens of
hailstorms, how hailstorm severity is conceptualized, whether exposure and sensitivity to hailstorms are perceived to be changing over time, and how warning messages for hail are received and interpreted. Gaining an understanding of these questions and others can lead to more effective risk communication, endeavors to support the most vulnerable, and future research pathways to study hailstorm characteristics. This study is the first to specifically investigate hailstorm perceptions through the lens of
, reducing health and access to health services, reducing the possibility of continual education, unequal access to financial support services, increasing rural immigration, reducing the quality of life, and impairing social cohesion ( Vanclay 2002 ; Gupta and Gupta 2003 ; Alston and Kent 2008 ; Alston 2011 ; Ataei and Zamani 2015 ; Keshavarz and Karami 2014 ; Ataei and Karimghasemi 2017 ; Ataei et al. 2017 , 2018 ). A few studies have focused on the evaluation of the effects of drought, the
, reducing health and access to health services, reducing the possibility of continual education, unequal access to financial support services, increasing rural immigration, reducing the quality of life, and impairing social cohesion ( Vanclay 2002 ; Gupta and Gupta 2003 ; Alston and Kent 2008 ; Alston 2011 ; Ataei and Zamani 2015 ; Keshavarz and Karami 2014 ; Ataei and Karimghasemi 2017 ; Ataei et al. 2017 , 2018 ). A few studies have focused on the evaluation of the effects of drought, the
). Crash risk has been found to vary considerably by weather type. In particular, studies have shown rainfall and snowfall as the primary contributors to increased crash frequency, with up to a 74% and 81% increase in crash rates, respectively ( Perrels et al. 2015 ). Along with precipitation, other geophysical hazards including fog, strong winds, and extreme temperatures can influence driver behavior and lead to a higher crash risk ( Ashley et al. 2015 ; Ahmed et al. 2014 ). This relationship is well
). Crash risk has been found to vary considerably by weather type. In particular, studies have shown rainfall and snowfall as the primary contributors to increased crash frequency, with up to a 74% and 81% increase in crash rates, respectively ( Perrels et al. 2015 ). Along with precipitation, other geophysical hazards including fog, strong winds, and extreme temperatures can influence driver behavior and lead to a higher crash risk ( Ashley et al. 2015 ; Ahmed et al. 2014 ). This relationship is well
-Five Years of Objective Study of the Higher Nervous Activity (Behavior) of Animals . International Publishers, 414 pp . Pielke R. Jr., , and Carbone R. E. , 2002 : Weather impacts, forecasts, and policy: An integrated perspective. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , 83 , 393 – 403 . 10.1175/1520-0477(2002)083<0393:WIFAP>2.3.CO;2 Platt, M. , and Huettel S. , 2008 : Risky business: The neuroeconomics of decision making under uncertainty. Nat. Neurosci. , 11 , 398 – 403 . 10.1038/nn2062 Rayner
-Five Years of Objective Study of the Higher Nervous Activity (Behavior) of Animals . International Publishers, 414 pp . Pielke R. Jr., , and Carbone R. E. , 2002 : Weather impacts, forecasts, and policy: An integrated perspective. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , 83 , 393 – 403 . 10.1175/1520-0477(2002)083<0393:WIFAP>2.3.CO;2 Platt, M. , and Huettel S. , 2008 : Risky business: The neuroeconomics of decision making under uncertainty. Nat. Neurosci. , 11 , 398 – 403 . 10.1038/nn2062 Rayner
' climate-sensitive assessments and decision-making processes? 6) What are the barriers to using climate information and what are the trusted sources of information about the impacts of climate variability and change? 2. Methods The research was approved by the East-West Center's Institutional Review Board. a. Geographical scope The geographical scope of this study includes the islands of the Hawaiian archipelago, with specific focus on the central Oahu watershed. This watershed includes the Pearl
' climate-sensitive assessments and decision-making processes? 6) What are the barriers to using climate information and what are the trusted sources of information about the impacts of climate variability and change? 2. Methods The research was approved by the East-West Center's Institutional Review Board. a. Geographical scope The geographical scope of this study includes the islands of the Hawaiian archipelago, with specific focus on the central Oahu watershed. This watershed includes the Pearl
