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. Winker , M. McGill , and P. Lawson , 2004 : Classification of particle shapes from lidar depolarization ratio in convective ice clouds compared to in situ observations during CRYSTAL-FACE. J. Geophys. Res. , 109 , D24213 . doi:10.1029/2004JD004883 . Ou , S. C. , K. N. Liou , Y. Takano , and R. L. Slonaker , 2005 : Remote sensing of cirrus cloud particle size and optical depth using polarimetric sensor measurements. J. Atmos. Sci. , 62 , 4371 – 4383 . Pitts , M. C. , L
. Winker , M. McGill , and P. Lawson , 2004 : Classification of particle shapes from lidar depolarization ratio in convective ice clouds compared to in situ observations during CRYSTAL-FACE. J. Geophys. Res. , 109 , D24213 . doi:10.1029/2004JD004883 . Ou , S. C. , K. N. Liou , Y. Takano , and R. L. Slonaker , 2005 : Remote sensing of cirrus cloud particle size and optical depth using polarimetric sensor measurements. J. Atmos. Sci. , 62 , 4371 – 4383 . Pitts , M. C. , L
heights increase only slightly toward the west and all soundings reveal the classic MBL structure. Figure 9 shows the lidar depolarization ratios and corresponding profiles of temperature, dewpoint, and wind speed and direction. A well-defined low-level jet was observed near the top of the MBL. Fig . 9. As in Fig. 5 , but for data collected west of Point Arguello near point C shown in Fig. 1 from 2209 to 2221 UTC 20 May 2012. d. Second MBL mapping pattern Observations from buoys at Point Arguello
heights increase only slightly toward the west and all soundings reveal the classic MBL structure. Figure 9 shows the lidar depolarization ratios and corresponding profiles of temperature, dewpoint, and wind speed and direction. A well-defined low-level jet was observed near the top of the MBL. Fig . 9. As in Fig. 5 , but for data collected west of Point Arguello near point C shown in Fig. 1 from 2209 to 2221 UTC 20 May 2012. d. Second MBL mapping pattern Observations from buoys at Point Arguello
relative backscatter β rel . The details about the retrieval of β rel can be found in Yang et al. (2020) . The β rel depends upon aerosol type and concentration and is used for aerosol and cloud observations in the atmosphere ( Royer et al. 2016 ) and is used for applications discussed in section 6 . For 3D wind measurements, the NYSM Profiler Network Doppler lidars are configured to run in Doppler beam swinging (DBS) scan mode. This scan can be quickly reconfigured to capture opportunistic
relative backscatter β rel . The details about the retrieval of β rel can be found in Yang et al. (2020) . The β rel depends upon aerosol type and concentration and is used for aerosol and cloud observations in the atmosphere ( Royer et al. 2016 ) and is used for applications discussed in section 6 . For 3D wind measurements, the NYSM Profiler Network Doppler lidars are configured to run in Doppler beam swinging (DBS) scan mode. This scan can be quickly reconfigured to capture opportunistic
provide. In the last few years, lidar observations and ceilometers have been used to evaluate WRF simulations ( Ware et al. 2016 ; Feng et al. 2016 ; Hegarty et al. 2018 ). Impervious urban surfaces are characterized by lower albedo, lower specific heat capacity, higher thermal conductivity, and much smaller rainfall retention than rural surfaces ( Oke 1982 ). These properties cause higher Bowen ratios (larger sensible heat fluxes and lower latent heat fluxes) and surface temperatures in the urban
provide. In the last few years, lidar observations and ceilometers have been used to evaluate WRF simulations ( Ware et al. 2016 ; Feng et al. 2016 ; Hegarty et al. 2018 ). Impervious urban surfaces are characterized by lower albedo, lower specific heat capacity, higher thermal conductivity, and much smaller rainfall retention than rural surfaces ( Oke 1982 ). These properties cause higher Bowen ratios (larger sensible heat fluxes and lower latent heat fluxes) and surface temperatures in the urban
1314 JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY VO~,UME 10Applications oi an Airborne Ruby Lidat During a BOMEX Program of Cirrus Observations~PAUL A, DAws$la.ford R~scarch f. slit~e, Menlo Parl~, Calif.(Manuscript received 26 January 1971, in revised form 16 September 1971)ABSTRACT A ruby lidar was mounted in an'aircraft to obtain measurements of cirrus and haze layers concurrentlywith an airborne
1314 JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY VO~,UME 10Applications oi an Airborne Ruby Lidat During a BOMEX Program of Cirrus Observations~PAUL A, DAws$la.ford R~scarch f. slit~e, Menlo Parl~, Calif.(Manuscript received 26 January 1971, in revised form 16 September 1971)ABSTRACT A ruby lidar was mounted in an'aircraft to obtain measurements of cirrus and haze layers concurrentlywith an airborne
needed for the understanding of connections between Arctic cloud phase and other surface and atmospheric parameters. Numerous cloud phase algorithms exist for spaceborne instruments such as AVHRR ( Key and Intrieri 2000 ), POLDER ( Goloub et al. 2000 ; Riedi et al. 2010 ), Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CA LIPSO ; Hu et al. 2009 ), MODIS ( Baum et al. 2012 ; Marchant et al. 2016 ), and the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS; Kahn et al. 2014 ). The A
needed for the understanding of connections between Arctic cloud phase and other surface and atmospheric parameters. Numerous cloud phase algorithms exist for spaceborne instruments such as AVHRR ( Key and Intrieri 2000 ), POLDER ( Goloub et al. 2000 ; Riedi et al. 2010 ), Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CA LIPSO ; Hu et al. 2009 ), MODIS ( Baum et al. 2012 ; Marchant et al. 2016 ), and the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS; Kahn et al. 2014 ). The A
strong equatorward flow to the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). All of these studies have been limited to observing precipitation-size particles (radar), horizontal structure (aircraft and satellites), or isolated vertical profiles of thermodynamic data (dropsondes). Spaceborne lidar observations can give a high-resolution vertical cross section of cloud particles and optical properties through much of a tropical cyclone's upper layers, thereby providing new information on tropical cyclone
strong equatorward flow to the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). All of these studies have been limited to observing precipitation-size particles (radar), horizontal structure (aircraft and satellites), or isolated vertical profiles of thermodynamic data (dropsondes). Spaceborne lidar observations can give a high-resolution vertical cross section of cloud particles and optical properties through much of a tropical cyclone's upper layers, thereby providing new information on tropical cyclone
806 JOURNAL OF CLIMATE AND APPLIED METEOROLOGY VOLUME24Lidar Observations of Vertically Organized Convection in the Planetary Boundary Layer over the Ocean S. H. MELFI, J. D. SPINHIRNE, S-H. CHOUGoddard Laboratory for Atmospheric Sciences, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 S. P. PALMScience Systems and Applications, Inc., NASA/Goddard Space Flight
806 JOURNAL OF CLIMATE AND APPLIED METEOROLOGY VOLUME24Lidar Observations of Vertically Organized Convection in the Planetary Boundary Layer over the Ocean S. H. MELFI, J. D. SPINHIRNE, S-H. CHOUGoddard Laboratory for Atmospheric Sciences, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 S. P. PALMScience Systems and Applications, Inc., NASA/Goddard Space Flight
: Terral de Vicuña, a foehnlike wind in semiarid northern Chile: Meteorological aspects and implications for the fulfillment of chill requirements in deciduous fruit trees . J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol. , 55 , 1183 – 1196 , https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-15-0275.1 . 10.1175/JAMC-D-15-0275.1 Muñoz , R. C. , and A. Undurraga , 2010 : Daytime mixed layer over the Santiago Basin: Description of two years of observations with a lidar ceilometer . J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol. , 49 , 1728 – 1741
: Terral de Vicuña, a foehnlike wind in semiarid northern Chile: Meteorological aspects and implications for the fulfillment of chill requirements in deciduous fruit trees . J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol. , 55 , 1183 – 1196 , https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-15-0275.1 . 10.1175/JAMC-D-15-0275.1 Muñoz , R. C. , and A. Undurraga , 2010 : Daytime mixed layer over the Santiago Basin: Description of two years of observations with a lidar ceilometer . J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol. , 49 , 1728 – 1741
The paper by Riishøjgaard et al. (2004) investigates the assimilation and impact of prospective Doppler wind lidar (DWL) line-of-sight (LOS) single-perspective winds in meteorological analysis. It is argued that single-component wind observations are far less effective in reducing wind analysis error than vector wind information. This work has relevance because the prospects are good that space-based DWL instruments will provide accurate wind profiles of single-perspective LOS wind profile
The paper by Riishøjgaard et al. (2004) investigates the assimilation and impact of prospective Doppler wind lidar (DWL) line-of-sight (LOS) single-perspective winds in meteorological analysis. It is argued that single-component wind observations are far less effective in reducing wind analysis error than vector wind information. This work has relevance because the prospects are good that space-based DWL instruments will provide accurate wind profiles of single-perspective LOS wind profile
