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in Puerto Rico . Proc. Senepol Symp., St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands, University of the Virgin Islands, 13 pp. [Available online at http://www.uvi.edu/sites/uvi/Documents/AES/Animal%20Science/Cianzio1.pdf .] INGC, 2009: Synthesis report—INGC climate change report: Study on the impact of climate change on disaster risk in Mozambique. B. van Logchem and R. Brito, Eds., INGC, Mozambique, 48 pp. [Available online at http://www.undp.org.mz/en/Publications/Other-Publications/INGC-Climate-Change-Report-Study
in Puerto Rico . Proc. Senepol Symp., St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands, University of the Virgin Islands, 13 pp. [Available online at http://www.uvi.edu/sites/uvi/Documents/AES/Animal%20Science/Cianzio1.pdf .] INGC, 2009: Synthesis report—INGC climate change report: Study on the impact of climate change on disaster risk in Mozambique. B. van Logchem and R. Brito, Eds., INGC, Mozambique, 48 pp. [Available online at http://www.undp.org.mz/en/Publications/Other-Publications/INGC-Climate-Change-Report-Study
and females in various age classes. For this application the focus was on the balance of pasture availability and animal weight gain not on herd dynamics or breeding strategies (e.g., calving time), which operate on time horizons longer than a season. As such, GRASP was sufficient to capture the key linkages between pasture production, beef production, and climate variability, which were the focus of this study. Nonetheless, a more complex biophysical model would allow for more nuanced stocking
and females in various age classes. For this application the focus was on the balance of pasture availability and animal weight gain not on herd dynamics or breeding strategies (e.g., calving time), which operate on time horizons longer than a season. As such, GRASP was sufficient to capture the key linkages between pasture production, beef production, and climate variability, which were the focus of this study. Nonetheless, a more complex biophysical model would allow for more nuanced stocking
changed. Some parts are still under constant water coverage. Those patches that only have seasonal water coverage due to slightly higher elevation ensure appropriate conditions for alkaline habitats. These are used for livestock grazing (Hungarian gray cattle, racka sheep, and water buffalo) and hay mowing. The grazing season traditionally lasts 191 days, from 24 April until late October. Fig . 3. Map of the study area. The area belongs to a national park, and it hosts numerous plants, animals, and
changed. Some parts are still under constant water coverage. Those patches that only have seasonal water coverage due to slightly higher elevation ensure appropriate conditions for alkaline habitats. These are used for livestock grazing (Hungarian gray cattle, racka sheep, and water buffalo) and hay mowing. The grazing season traditionally lasts 191 days, from 24 April until late October. Fig . 3. Map of the study area. The area belongs to a national park, and it hosts numerous plants, animals, and
noise complaints on animals and nonanimals is also considered in our research design to form a more holistic picture between weather and neighbor complaints on noise. In sum, our study focuses on a particular type of human reaction to noise—noise complaints made by neighbors—as an overt action to reflect the impact of noise on the mental health of human beings and explore how noise complaints may relate to weather conditions. The proposed mechanisms are tested in our seasonal analysis given that the
noise complaints on animals and nonanimals is also considered in our research design to form a more holistic picture between weather and neighbor complaints on noise. In sum, our study focuses on a particular type of human reaction to noise—noise complaints made by neighbors—as an overt action to reflect the impact of noise on the mental health of human beings and explore how noise complaints may relate to weather conditions. The proposed mechanisms are tested in our seasonal analysis given that the
across livelihood groups. Our consideration of livelihood differences was informed by previous studies that found that, when exposed to drought, livestock farmers—generally living in marginal exposed areas with more variable hydroclimate and conflict—experienced more widespread, severe, and longer food insecurity than did cropping farmers ( Anderson et al. 2021 ). In northern Kenya, sedentary livestock farmers, women, and children were found to be particularly vulnerable to seasonal water insecurity
across livelihood groups. Our consideration of livelihood differences was informed by previous studies that found that, when exposed to drought, livestock farmers—generally living in marginal exposed areas with more variable hydroclimate and conflict—experienced more widespread, severe, and longer food insecurity than did cropping farmers ( Anderson et al. 2021 ). In northern Kenya, sedentary livestock farmers, women, and children were found to be particularly vulnerable to seasonal water insecurity
conducive to the improvement of agriculture and animal husbandry. Under these conditions, farming and nomadic groups needed to expand their living space and production scale, and the two sides had obvious conflicts. Modern studies have shown that in the agricultural area in eastern China, if the annual mean temperature rises by 1°C, the grain yield per hectare of cultivated land will increase by 10% ( Zhang 1982 ). The yield of natural forage is also positively correlated with the temperature in the
conducive to the improvement of agriculture and animal husbandry. Under these conditions, farming and nomadic groups needed to expand their living space and production scale, and the two sides had obvious conflicts. Modern studies have shown that in the agricultural area in eastern China, if the annual mean temperature rises by 1°C, the grain yield per hectare of cultivated land will increase by 10% ( Zhang 1982 ). The yield of natural forage is also positively correlated with the temperature in the
assess the timing of spring and summer across continental Europe ( Menzel et al. 2006 ). In the current study, we chose to use the climate-predicted phenology of one of North America’s earliest spring ephemerals, the Carolina spring beauty, or Claytonia caroliniana , as a phenological proxy of the arrival of spring and therefore as a means of evaluating the predictive capacity of groundhogs. The geographic distribution of C. caroliniana overlaps substantially with the distribution of groundhogs
assess the timing of spring and summer across continental Europe ( Menzel et al. 2006 ). In the current study, we chose to use the climate-predicted phenology of one of North America’s earliest spring ephemerals, the Carolina spring beauty, or Claytonia caroliniana , as a phenological proxy of the arrival of spring and therefore as a means of evaluating the predictive capacity of groundhogs. The geographic distribution of C. caroliniana overlaps substantially with the distribution of groundhogs
1. Introduction Inclement weather affects the number of vehicles on roadways and the manner in which people drive, as found by previous research projects (e.g., Call 2005 , 2011 ; Roh et al. 2015 ). But many additional questions remain to be explored. For example, on a toll roadway, what is the economic cost of snowfall? Also, do differences in traffic volume and driving styles cause positive or negative effects with respect to the number and severity of crashes? This study examines
1. Introduction Inclement weather affects the number of vehicles on roadways and the manner in which people drive, as found by previous research projects (e.g., Call 2005 , 2011 ; Roh et al. 2015 ). But many additional questions remain to be explored. For example, on a toll roadway, what is the economic cost of snowfall? Also, do differences in traffic volume and driving styles cause positive or negative effects with respect to the number and severity of crashes? This study examines
stresses and their relative importance as reported by individuals, took shape around the relative access of individuals to heavy agricultural tools such as plows and animal traction. Those without either tools or traction made up 22.7% of the sample; 54.5% of the sample reported owning animals but not farming equipment. Those with both comprised 20.5% of the sample. Compared with other ethnographic studies of agriculture among the Wolof in Senegal (e.g., Venema 1978 ), those in Ngetou Maleck appear to
stresses and their relative importance as reported by individuals, took shape around the relative access of individuals to heavy agricultural tools such as plows and animal traction. Those without either tools or traction made up 22.7% of the sample; 54.5% of the sample reported owning animals but not farming equipment. Those with both comprised 20.5% of the sample. Compared with other ethnographic studies of agriculture among the Wolof in Senegal (e.g., Venema 1978 ), those in Ngetou Maleck appear to
numerous knowledgeable individuals, researchers, and local communities across the globe. These techniques were developed using experience, observation, and accumulated knowledge regarding an amalgamation of plants, birds, animals, insects, meteorological indicators, astronomical indicators, panchangs (the daily astrological calendar), and other aspects of their surroundings over a period of time. Additionally, climate change and unpredictable weather, particularly in arid and semiarid areas ( Sivakumar
numerous knowledgeable individuals, researchers, and local communities across the globe. These techniques were developed using experience, observation, and accumulated knowledge regarding an amalgamation of plants, birds, animals, insects, meteorological indicators, astronomical indicators, panchangs (the daily astrological calendar), and other aspects of their surroundings over a period of time. Additionally, climate change and unpredictable weather, particularly in arid and semiarid areas ( Sivakumar
