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proven very useful in the understanding of atmospheric dynamics and structure. Shortly after the development of the first pulsed lasers, the applicability of lidar to the study of mountain-wave-related phenomena was recognized. Collis et al. (1968) were the first to document aerosol lidar observations in the Sierra Nevada in February and March 1967, followed by more comprehensive observations by Viezee et al. (1973) in March and April 1969 and 1970. These studies provided evidence that pulsed
proven very useful in the understanding of atmospheric dynamics and structure. Shortly after the development of the first pulsed lasers, the applicability of lidar to the study of mountain-wave-related phenomena was recognized. Collis et al. (1968) were the first to document aerosol lidar observations in the Sierra Nevada in February and March 1967, followed by more comprehensive observations by Viezee et al. (1973) in March and April 1969 and 1970. These studies provided evidence that pulsed
turbulence parameterization in these situations is highly needed. The data and results from our case study can be used to develop and evaluate turbulence parameterizations for complex terrain. Among the many observations made during T-REX IOP 1, scanning aerosol lidar data proved to be particularly helpful in interpreting the results of the TKE budget analysis and in providing a more complete understanding of temporal and spatial variability of turbulence in mountainous terrain. Acknowledgments This work
turbulence parameterization in these situations is highly needed. The data and results from our case study can be used to develop and evaluate turbulence parameterizations for complex terrain. Among the many observations made during T-REX IOP 1, scanning aerosol lidar data proved to be particularly helpful in interpreting the results of the TKE budget analysis and in providing a more complete understanding of temporal and spatial variability of turbulence in mountainous terrain. Acknowledgments This work
. Episodic observations were made with three instrumented aircraft, two of which released dropsondes, as well as two Doppler lidars and one backscatter lidar, two sodars, rawinsondes launched both within and upwind of the valley, a dense network of surface stations in the valley, several in situ flux towers, and other supporting instruments ( Grubiššićć et al. 2008 ). In addition to its phenomenological value, the full T-REX dataset is also being used to evaluate and improve numerical simulations of
. Episodic observations were made with three instrumented aircraft, two of which released dropsondes, as well as two Doppler lidars and one backscatter lidar, two sodars, rawinsondes launched both within and upwind of the valley, a dense network of surface stations in the valley, several in situ flux towers, and other supporting instruments ( Grubiššićć et al. 2008 ). In addition to its phenomenological value, the full T-REX dataset is also being used to evaluate and improve numerical simulations of
California with a ground-based, eye-safe, scanning aerosol lidar. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol. , 48 , 1483 – 1499 . Grubišić , V. , and Coauthors , 2008 : The Terrain-Induced Rotor Experiment: An overview of the field campaign and some highlights of special observations. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , 89 , 1513 – 1533 . Jiang , Q. , and J. D. Doyle , 2008 : On the diurnal variation of mountain waves. J. Atmos. Sci. , 65 , 1360 – 1377 . Mayr , G. J. , and L. Armi , 2008 : Föhn as a
California with a ground-based, eye-safe, scanning aerosol lidar. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol. , 48 , 1483 – 1499 . Grubišić , V. , and Coauthors , 2008 : The Terrain-Induced Rotor Experiment: An overview of the field campaign and some highlights of special observations. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , 89 , 1513 – 1533 . Jiang , Q. , and J. D. Doyle , 2008 : On the diurnal variation of mountain waves. J. Atmos. Sci. , 65 , 1360 – 1377 . Mayr , G. J. , and L. Armi , 2008 : Föhn as a
), aerosol and Doppler lidars, sonic and profile measurements from three 30-m and several smaller flux towers, and standard meteorological observations from an array of surface stations. Most systems were located along two valley transects just south of Independence. In this study, the southernmost wind profiler/RASS system and the 1.5-hourly radiosonde ascents from Independence airport are used to document the evolution of the valley flow, and flux data from the three 30-m Integrated Surface Flux
), aerosol and Doppler lidars, sonic and profile measurements from three 30-m and several smaller flux towers, and standard meteorological observations from an array of surface stations. Most systems were located along two valley transects just south of Independence. In this study, the southernmost wind profiler/RASS system and the 1.5-hourly radiosonde ascents from Independence airport are used to document the evolution of the valley flow, and flux data from the three 30-m Integrated Surface Flux
, 151 – 158 , doi: 10.1175/1520-0450(2003)042<0151:PDCEIB>2.0.CO;2 . 10.1175/1520-0450(2003)042<0151:PDCEIB>2.0.CO;2 Kühnlein , C. , A. Dörnbrack , and M. Weissmann , 2013 : High-resolution Doppler lidar observations of transient downslope flows and rotors . Mon. Wea. Rev. , 141 , 3257 – 3272 , doi: 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00260.1 . 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00260.1 Li , Y. , R. B. Smith , and V. Grubišić , 2009 : Using surface pressure variations to categorize diurnal valley circulations
, 151 – 158 , doi: 10.1175/1520-0450(2003)042<0151:PDCEIB>2.0.CO;2 . 10.1175/1520-0450(2003)042<0151:PDCEIB>2.0.CO;2 Kühnlein , C. , A. Dörnbrack , and M. Weissmann , 2013 : High-resolution Doppler lidar observations of transient downslope flows and rotors . Mon. Wea. Rev. , 141 , 3257 – 3272 , doi: 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00260.1 . 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00260.1 Li , Y. , R. B. Smith , and V. Grubišić , 2009 : Using surface pressure variations to categorize diurnal valley circulations
