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conditions. Using RAMS, Lerach et al. (2008) reported that high concentrations of CCN and giant CCN (GCCN) under the polluted condition resulted in reduced warm and cold precipitation and a weak evaporative cooling with a longer-lived supercell, which is favorable for tornadogenesis. Similarly, recent real-case numerical experiments by Saide et al. (2015) showed that smoke from Central American fires could enhance the probability of tornadogenesis and tornado intensity and longevity through both
conditions. Using RAMS, Lerach et al. (2008) reported that high concentrations of CCN and giant CCN (GCCN) under the polluted condition resulted in reduced warm and cold precipitation and a weak evaporative cooling with a longer-lived supercell, which is favorable for tornadogenesis. Similarly, recent real-case numerical experiments by Saide et al. (2015) showed that smoke from Central American fires could enhance the probability of tornadogenesis and tornado intensity and longevity through both