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- Author or Editor: W. James Shuttleworth x
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Abstract
Long-term evaporation measurements are expressed in the Priestley-Taylor (1972) “Potential evaporation” framework for a spruce forest in Plynlimon, Wales, and a Scots Pine forest in Norfolk, England. The results are used to illustrate the possibility of significant variability in evaporation from forest vegetation in response to precipitation input, and so provide a warning against the indiscriminate use of the Priestley-Taylor formula. A tentative suggestion is made regarding a possible role for potential evaporation in the forest environment.
Abstract
Long-term evaporation measurements are expressed in the Priestley-Taylor (1972) “Potential evaporation” framework for a spruce forest in Plynlimon, Wales, and a Scots Pine forest in Norfolk, England. The results are used to illustrate the possibility of significant variability in evaporation from forest vegetation in response to precipitation input, and so provide a warning against the indiscriminate use of the Priestley-Taylor formula. A tentative suggestion is made regarding a possible role for potential evaporation in the forest environment.
Abstract
This paper describes the operation and calibration of the simple biosphere model (SiB) of Sellers et al. using micrometeorological and hydrological measurements taken in and above tropical forest in the central Amazon basin. The paper provides:
(i) an overview of the philosophy, structure and assumptions used in the model with particular reference to the tropical forest;
(ii) a review of the experimental systems and procedures used to obtain the field data; and
(iii) a specification of the physiological parameterization required in the model to provide an adequate average description of the data.
In the course of this study, it was found that some of the existing literature on stomatal behavior for tropical tropical species is inconsistent with the observed behavior of the complete canopy in Amazonia and that the rainfall interception store of the canopy is considerably smaller than originally specified in SiB. Also the turbulent transfer model used in SiB was modified to account for the effects of height-varying foliage density. Finally, it was demonstrated that there is a distinct annual cycle in the biophysical properties of the forest canopy which influences the partitioning of energy into sensible and latent heat fluxes.
Abstract
This paper describes the operation and calibration of the simple biosphere model (SiB) of Sellers et al. using micrometeorological and hydrological measurements taken in and above tropical forest in the central Amazon basin. The paper provides:
(i) an overview of the philosophy, structure and assumptions used in the model with particular reference to the tropical forest;
(ii) a review of the experimental systems and procedures used to obtain the field data; and
(iii) a specification of the physiological parameterization required in the model to provide an adequate average description of the data.
In the course of this study, it was found that some of the existing literature on stomatal behavior for tropical tropical species is inconsistent with the observed behavior of the complete canopy in Amazonia and that the rainfall interception store of the canopy is considerably smaller than originally specified in SiB. Also the turbulent transfer model used in SiB was modified to account for the effects of height-varying foliage density. Finally, it was demonstrated that there is a distinct annual cycle in the biophysical properties of the forest canopy which influences the partitioning of energy into sensible and latent heat fluxes.
