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1. Introduction Until recently, a single ER-2 flight over Hurricane Erin (2001) provided the only direct dropsonde observations through the full depth of the tropical cyclone (TC) outflow layer ( Halverson et al. 2006 ). Conventional aircraft observations of TCs, such as by the U.S. Air Force C-130s and the NOAA P-3s, tend to be limited to the middle to lower levels of the cyclone with a typical flight level of 700 hPa ( Aberson et al. 2006 ). Synoptic observations provided by the NOAA G-IV are
1. Introduction Until recently, a single ER-2 flight over Hurricane Erin (2001) provided the only direct dropsonde observations through the full depth of the tropical cyclone (TC) outflow layer ( Halverson et al. 2006 ). Conventional aircraft observations of TCs, such as by the U.S. Air Force C-130s and the NOAA P-3s, tend to be limited to the middle to lower levels of the cyclone with a typical flight level of 700 hPa ( Aberson et al. 2006 ). Synoptic observations provided by the NOAA G-IV are