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respective effects can finally be assessed by comparison to S ENS . f. Weather regime dependence In regional atmospheric modeling, internal processes uncertainty preferentially affects precipitation during weak synoptic forcing episodes (e.g., Stensrud et al. 2000 ; Keil et al. 2014 ). The question here is, if the precipitation sensitivity to the uncertainty in the representation of terrestrial water flow also depends on the level of synoptic forcing. Keil et al. (2014) used the convective adjustment
respective effects can finally be assessed by comparison to S ENS . f. Weather regime dependence In regional atmospheric modeling, internal processes uncertainty preferentially affects precipitation during weak synoptic forcing episodes (e.g., Stensrud et al. 2000 ; Keil et al. 2014 ). The question here is, if the precipitation sensitivity to the uncertainty in the representation of terrestrial water flow also depends on the level of synoptic forcing. Keil et al. (2014) used the convective adjustment
; Seregina et al. 2019 ). As discussed in Nicholson (2017) , the climate of the region is controlled by three classes of factors; regional forcing features (e.g., Walker circulation, El Niño–Southern Oscillation, Indian Ocean dipole, and Madden–Julian oscillation), regional circulation features (e.g., tropical easterly jet, low-level westerlies, and monsoons), and local geographic factors (e.g., Lake Victoria, East African highlands). These factors inevitably lead to variability in rainfall and coupled
; Seregina et al. 2019 ). As discussed in Nicholson (2017) , the climate of the region is controlled by three classes of factors; regional forcing features (e.g., Walker circulation, El Niño–Southern Oscillation, Indian Ocean dipole, and Madden–Julian oscillation), regional circulation features (e.g., tropical easterly jet, low-level westerlies, and monsoons), and local geographic factors (e.g., Lake Victoria, East African highlands). These factors inevitably lead to variability in rainfall and coupled
, Animation A2 ) and the fact that the development took place around the secondary early morning rainfall peak ( Sane et al. 2012 ) suggest that the land–sea breeze in the Cape Verde area contributed to the enhancement of convection and recurrent new cell generation. However, although the rain event was the most severe at the Dakar-Yoff station, its physical causes appear to be a coincidental combination of effects that are each frequently observable there. Fig . 8. As in Fig. 4 , but for the Dakar flood
, Animation A2 ) and the fact that the development took place around the secondary early morning rainfall peak ( Sane et al. 2012 ) suggest that the land–sea breeze in the Cape Verde area contributed to the enhancement of convection and recurrent new cell generation. However, although the rain event was the most severe at the Dakar-Yoff station, its physical causes appear to be a coincidental combination of effects that are each frequently observable there. Fig . 8. As in Fig. 4 , but for the Dakar flood
