may be transmitted meridionally into the tropics and zonally to other midlatitude locations. In particular, we will focus upon the impact of changes in AMOC on one of the main modes of interannual global climate variability, the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. ENSO, a coupled ocean–atmosphere dynamical process, is characterized by enhanced spectral variability of Pacific sea surface temperatures (SSTs) with a time scale of 2–7 yr (for a recent review of the phenomenon itself, see
may be transmitted meridionally into the tropics and zonally to other midlatitude locations. In particular, we will focus upon the impact of changes in AMOC on one of the main modes of interannual global climate variability, the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. ENSO, a coupled ocean–atmosphere dynamical process, is characterized by enhanced spectral variability of Pacific sea surface temperatures (SSTs) with a time scale of 2–7 yr (for a recent review of the phenomenon itself, see
AUaVST 1981 STEVEN W. LYONS 1773Planetary-Scale Aspects of Outgoing Longwave Radiation and Vorticity over the Global Tropics during Winter~ STEVEN W. LYONSDepartment of Meteorology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu 96822(Manuscript received 27 May 1980, in final form 8 April 1981) ABSTRACT Fourier analysis was applied to outgoing
AUaVST 1981 STEVEN W. LYONS 1773Planetary-Scale Aspects of Outgoing Longwave Radiation and Vorticity over the Global Tropics during Winter~ STEVEN W. LYONSDepartment of Meteorology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu 96822(Manuscript received 27 May 1980, in final form 8 April 1981) ABSTRACT Fourier analysis was applied to outgoing
JULY 1983 TSING-CHANG CHEN 1389The Energy Exchange between the Baroclinic and Barotropic Components of Atmospheric Flow in the Tropics during the FGGE Summer TSING-CH^NG CHENDepartment of Earth Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, 50011(Manuscript received 15 November 1982, in final form 11 April 1983)ABSTRACT The wind fields in
JULY 1983 TSING-CHANG CHEN 1389The Energy Exchange between the Baroclinic and Barotropic Components of Atmospheric Flow in the Tropics during the FGGE Summer TSING-CH^NG CHENDepartment of Earth Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, 50011(Manuscript received 15 November 1982, in final form 11 April 1983)ABSTRACT The wind fields in
371APRIL 1992CHELLIAH AND ARKINMUTHUVEL CHELLIAH *Climate Analysis Center, NMC/NWS/NOAA, Washington, D.C.PHILLIP ARKINOf/ice of Climate and Atmospheric Research, NOAA, Rockville, Maryland(Manuscript received 23 March 1990, in final form 7 January 1991)ABSTRACTThe objective of this study is to examine the broad aspects of large-scale interannual and long-term variabilityin the monthly mean outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) data over the global tropics. These data, denvedfrom NOAA's polar
371APRIL 1992CHELLIAH AND ARKINMUTHUVEL CHELLIAH *Climate Analysis Center, NMC/NWS/NOAA, Washington, D.C.PHILLIP ARKINOf/ice of Climate and Atmospheric Research, NOAA, Rockville, Maryland(Manuscript received 23 March 1990, in final form 7 January 1991)ABSTRACTThe objective of this study is to examine the broad aspects of large-scale interannual and long-term variabilityin the monthly mean outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) data over the global tropics. These data, denvedfrom NOAA's polar
Convection–circulation interaction sets the tone in the tropics The interaction between moist convection and the atmospheric circulation in the tropics takes place on a large range of scales, from the mesoscale dynamics of organized convective systems ( Houze 1977 ; Houze and Betts 1981 ; Hartmann et al. 1984 ; Houze 1989 , 2004 ), to synoptic-scale tropical disturbances like convectively coupled waves ( Riehl 1945 ; Reed and Recker 1971 ; Lau and Lau 1990 ), and large-scale overturning
Convection–circulation interaction sets the tone in the tropics The interaction between moist convection and the atmospheric circulation in the tropics takes place on a large range of scales, from the mesoscale dynamics of organized convective systems ( Houze 1977 ; Houze and Betts 1981 ; Hartmann et al. 1984 ; Houze 1989 , 2004 ), to synoptic-scale tropical disturbances like convectively coupled waves ( Riehl 1945 ; Reed and Recker 1971 ; Lau and Lau 1990 ), and large-scale overturning
), which is conventionally taken to be the level of the tropopause in the deep tropics ( Holton et al. 1995 ). Pan et al. (2009) label these poleward transport events as “tropospheric intrusions.” Rossby wave breaking, however, is known to be a two-way transport mechanism and there have also been studies focused on intrusions of extratropical LS air into the tropical UT (e.g., Waugh and Polvani 2000 ; Waugh 2005 ; Konopka et al. 2010 ; Ploeger et al. 2012 ). As discussed in Pan et al. (2009
), which is conventionally taken to be the level of the tropopause in the deep tropics ( Holton et al. 1995 ). Pan et al. (2009) label these poleward transport events as “tropospheric intrusions.” Rossby wave breaking, however, is known to be a two-way transport mechanism and there have also been studies focused on intrusions of extratropical LS air into the tropical UT (e.g., Waugh and Polvani 2000 ; Waugh 2005 ; Konopka et al. 2010 ; Ploeger et al. 2012 ). As discussed in Pan et al. (2009
feature ( Nesbitt et al. 2006 ). In this study, we use a similar PF method to evaluate the importance of warm rainfall over the tropics and compare this with the amount of warm rainfall accumulated from all warm raining pixels. Generally, nondrizzle warm rain systems are shallow, isolated, and of small size as shown in Fig. 1a and demonstrated later (see Fig. 7 ). However, large warm precipitation systems do exist over the tropics ( Rauber et al. 2007 ). For example, in Fig. 2 , two precipitation
feature ( Nesbitt et al. 2006 ). In this study, we use a similar PF method to evaluate the importance of warm rainfall over the tropics and compare this with the amount of warm rainfall accumulated from all warm raining pixels. Generally, nondrizzle warm rain systems are shallow, isolated, and of small size as shown in Fig. 1a and demonstrated later (see Fig. 7 ). However, large warm precipitation systems do exist over the tropics ( Rauber et al. 2007 ). For example, in Fig. 2 , two precipitation
218 JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES VOLUME 26The Half-Yearly Oscillations in the Tropics of the Southern Hemisphere HARRY VAN LOON AND ROY L. JENNENational Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Cdo.(Manuscript received 14 June 1968, in revised form 2 November 1968)ABSTRACT In the tropics of the Southern Hemisphere the zonal wind in the troposphere above the 500-rob levelhas a well defined half
218 JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES VOLUME 26The Half-Yearly Oscillations in the Tropics of the Southern Hemisphere HARRY VAN LOON AND ROY L. JENNENational Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Cdo.(Manuscript received 14 June 1968, in revised form 2 November 1968)ABSTRACT In the tropics of the Southern Hemisphere the zonal wind in the troposphere above the 500-rob levelhas a well defined half
S~PTE~Um~1972 ROLAND A. MADDEN AND PAUL R. JULIAN 1109Description of Global-Scale Circulation Cells in the Tropics with a 40-50 Day Period ROLAND A. MADDEN AND PAUL R. JULIANNational Center for Atmospheric Research,~ Boulder, Colo. 80302(Manuscript received 6 April, in revised form 15 May 1972)ABSTRACT Long time series (5-10 years) of station pressure and upper air data from stations located in the tropicsare
S~PTE~Um~1972 ROLAND A. MADDEN AND PAUL R. JULIAN 1109Description of Global-Scale Circulation Cells in the Tropics with a 40-50 Day Period ROLAND A. MADDEN AND PAUL R. JULIANNational Center for Atmospheric Research,~ Boulder, Colo. 80302(Manuscript received 6 April, in revised form 15 May 1972)ABSTRACT Long time series (5-10 years) of station pressure and upper air data from stations located in the tropicsare
SEPTEMBER 1988 NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE 243NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCEA Minimal Model for the Short-Term Prediction of Rainfall in the Tropics K. FRAEDRICH* AND L. M. LESLIE Bureau of Meteorology Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 8 December 1987 and 10 March 1988 ABSTRACT A "minimal" model is proposed hem for the short-term prediction (up to
SEPTEMBER 1988 NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE 243NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCEA Minimal Model for the Short-Term Prediction of Rainfall in the Tropics K. FRAEDRICH* AND L. M. LESLIE Bureau of Meteorology Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 8 December 1987 and 10 March 1988 ABSTRACT A "minimal" model is proposed hem for the short-term prediction (up to
