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and anomalous WP is complex, especially in the East Asia, because climate is intricately affected by global-scale climate modes such as the Asian monsoon, ENSO, and Arctic Oscillation. The climate variability in the tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean strongly affects the East Asian summer climate such as precipitation (e.g., Ohba and Ueda 2006 ; Xie et al. 2009 ; Kosaka et al. 2013 ) and the routes and genesis of typhoons (e.g., Du et al. 2011 ; Yonekura and Hall 2014 ). In this framework
and anomalous WP is complex, especially in the East Asia, because climate is intricately affected by global-scale climate modes such as the Asian monsoon, ENSO, and Arctic Oscillation. The climate variability in the tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean strongly affects the East Asian summer climate such as precipitation (e.g., Ohba and Ueda 2006 ; Xie et al. 2009 ; Kosaka et al. 2013 ) and the routes and genesis of typhoons (e.g., Du et al. 2011 ; Yonekura and Hall 2014 ). In this framework
