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to implement an integrated drought monitoring and forecasting system at federal, state, and local levels; fostering and supporting a research environment focusing on risk assessment, forecasting, and management; creating an early warning system for drought to provide accurate, timely, and integrated information; developing interactive systems, such as the web portal, as part of the early warning system; and providing a framework for public awareness and education about droughts ( NPIT 2007 ). It
to implement an integrated drought monitoring and forecasting system at federal, state, and local levels; fostering and supporting a research environment focusing on risk assessment, forecasting, and management; creating an early warning system for drought to provide accurate, timely, and integrated information; developing interactive systems, such as the web portal, as part of the early warning system; and providing a framework for public awareness and education about droughts ( NPIT 2007 ). It
Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Climate Forecast System (CFS) model ( Saha et al. 2006 ; Saha et al. 2010 ). The model physics and dynamics are the same, but the horizontal resolution is different. Three coupled runs were made with the horizontal resolutions of T382, T126, and T62, respectively. The model is similar to the CFS version 2 but coupled with the GFDL Modular Ocean Model, version 3 (MOM3). It is also coupled with the Noah LSM, which has four soil layers and more realistic boundary layer physics
Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Climate Forecast System (CFS) model ( Saha et al. 2006 ; Saha et al. 2010 ). The model physics and dynamics are the same, but the horizontal resolution is different. Three coupled runs were made with the horizontal resolutions of T382, T126, and T62, respectively. The model is similar to the CFS version 2 but coupled with the GFDL Modular Ocean Model, version 3 (MOM3). It is also coupled with the Noah LSM, which has four soil layers and more realistic boundary layer physics
of droughts or an increase in their severity ( Wilhite and Hayes 1998 ), and based on the National Climatic Data Center ( National Climatic Data Center 2002 ) nearly 10% of the total land area experienced either severe or extreme droughts at any given time during the last century. There has been a variety of concepts ( Mishra and Singh 2010 ) applied to modeling droughts, ranging from simplistic approaches to more complex models ( Mishra and Singh 2011 ). Drought prediction or forecasting plays a
of droughts or an increase in their severity ( Wilhite and Hayes 1998 ), and based on the National Climatic Data Center ( National Climatic Data Center 2002 ) nearly 10% of the total land area experienced either severe or extreme droughts at any given time during the last century. There has been a variety of concepts ( Mishra and Singh 2010 ) applied to modeling droughts, ranging from simplistic approaches to more complex models ( Mishra and Singh 2011 ). Drought prediction or forecasting plays a
