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study is inspired by Herrmann et al.’s (2005) attribution of the trend in residual NDVI—that is, the regreening trend that remains once the linear influence of precipitation is accounted for—to human intervention. Herrmann et al. (2005) point to this qualitative correspondence in a few locations, which are well known from case study literature to be the loci of successful interventions to combat land degradation. Seeking a middle ground between the three lines of research described above, which
study is inspired by Herrmann et al.’s (2005) attribution of the trend in residual NDVI—that is, the regreening trend that remains once the linear influence of precipitation is accounted for—to human intervention. Herrmann et al. (2005) point to this qualitative correspondence in a few locations, which are well known from case study literature to be the loci of successful interventions to combat land degradation. Seeking a middle ground between the three lines of research described above, which
, 1994 ; Chen et al. 1998 ; Kimberlain 1999 ). The work of Chan (1985) , Chen et al. (1998) , Chia and Ropelewski (2002) , and Wang and Chan (2002) focused on the cyclogenesis locations, whereas those of Chan (1985) , Dong (1988) , Wu and Lau (1992) , Chen et al. (1998) , and Camargo and Sobel (2005) examined the total number, intensity, and lifetime of TCs. The ENSO influence on TC tracks and landfalls also has been assessed (e.g., Wang and Chan 2002 ; Wu and Wang 2004 ; Wu et al
, 1994 ; Chen et al. 1998 ; Kimberlain 1999 ). The work of Chan (1985) , Chen et al. (1998) , Chia and Ropelewski (2002) , and Wang and Chan (2002) focused on the cyclogenesis locations, whereas those of Chan (1985) , Dong (1988) , Wu and Lau (1992) , Chen et al. (1998) , and Camargo and Sobel (2005) examined the total number, intensity, and lifetime of TCs. The ENSO influence on TC tracks and landfalls also has been assessed (e.g., Wang and Chan 2002 ; Wu and Wang 2004 ; Wu et al
(RCMRD) in Nairobi, Kenya. RCMRD personnel, with OU’s assistance in model setup and calibration, began running CREST v1.6 in 2011 over a domain covering Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, and the surrounding areas ( Macharia et al. 2010 ). CREST and EF5 capacity-building activities have since taken place at many locations across the African continent (see Fig. 1 ). The key characteristics of CREST in a capacity-building context include the following: the ability to run simulations on obsolete or otherwise
(RCMRD) in Nairobi, Kenya. RCMRD personnel, with OU’s assistance in model setup and calibration, began running CREST v1.6 in 2011 over a domain covering Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, and the surrounding areas ( Macharia et al. 2010 ). CREST and EF5 capacity-building activities have since taken place at many locations across the African continent (see Fig. 1 ). The key characteristics of CREST in a capacity-building context include the following: the ability to run simulations on obsolete or otherwise
