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metrics providing direct insight into the multiscale interactions in the ocean ( Özgökmen et al. 2012 ). Of particular interest is understanding the nature, location, and dispersive properties of submesoscale fluctuations. The submesoscales are broadly defined as flows immediately below those of the mesoscale, namely, spatial scales from 100 m to 10 km and evolution time scales of hours to days ( Thomas et al. 2008 ). Such flows are typically concentrated within the upper-ocean mixed layer, in the
metrics providing direct insight into the multiscale interactions in the ocean ( Özgökmen et al. 2012 ). Of particular interest is understanding the nature, location, and dispersive properties of submesoscale fluctuations. The submesoscales are broadly defined as flows immediately below those of the mesoscale, namely, spatial scales from 100 m to 10 km and evolution time scales of hours to days ( Thomas et al. 2008 ). Such flows are typically concentrated within the upper-ocean mixed layer, in the
dynamics at mesoscale and large scales, where Ro ≪ 1 and Ri ≫ 1. One of the sources of submesoscale variability is given by mixed layer instabilities (MLIs; Boccaletti et al. 2007 ; Fox-Kemper et al. 2008 ). Mixed layer (ML) fronts can be created, for example, by the passage of storms that leave areas of the ocean locally mixed ( Price 1981 ; Ferrari and Rudnick 2000 ) and by tidal mixing in the coastal regions ( Badin et al. 2009 ) and in upwelling regions where deeper, colder waters are brought to
dynamics at mesoscale and large scales, where Ro ≪ 1 and Ri ≫ 1. One of the sources of submesoscale variability is given by mixed layer instabilities (MLIs; Boccaletti et al. 2007 ; Fox-Kemper et al. 2008 ). Mixed layer (ML) fronts can be created, for example, by the passage of storms that leave areas of the ocean locally mixed ( Price 1981 ; Ferrari and Rudnick 2000 ) and by tidal mixing in the coastal regions ( Badin et al. 2009 ) and in upwelling regions where deeper, colder waters are brought to
