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in Mato Grosso has increased at an average rate of 19.4% yr −1 since 1999. Plans to further expand Mato Grosso’s soy growing area can easily be realized if market demand and public policy continue to support growth. Few natural barriers are foreseen for expansion in this region. Brazilian and foreign agricultural experts agree that approximately 100 × 10 8 ha of cerrado land is technically viable for expansion of soy in Brazil ( Schnepf et al. 2001 ; Dros 2003 ). The only obstacle at present
in Mato Grosso has increased at an average rate of 19.4% yr −1 since 1999. Plans to further expand Mato Grosso’s soy growing area can easily be realized if market demand and public policy continue to support growth. Few natural barriers are foreseen for expansion in this region. Brazilian and foreign agricultural experts agree that approximately 100 × 10 8 ha of cerrado land is technically viable for expansion of soy in Brazil ( Schnepf et al. 2001 ; Dros 2003 ). The only obstacle at present
, and X. Yu . 2001 . A review of AVHRR-based fire detection algorithms: Principles, Limitations and Recommendations. Global and Regional Wildfire Monitoring from Space: Planning a Coordinated International Effort , F. Ahern, J. Goldammer, and C. O. Juctice, Eds., SPB Academic Publishing, 199–225 . Malingreau , J. P. and J. M. Gregoire . 1996 . Developing a global vegetation fire monitoring system for global change studies: A framework. Remote Sensing and Modeling of Biomass Burning
, and X. Yu . 2001 . A review of AVHRR-based fire detection algorithms: Principles, Limitations and Recommendations. Global and Regional Wildfire Monitoring from Space: Planning a Coordinated International Effort , F. Ahern, J. Goldammer, and C. O. Juctice, Eds., SPB Academic Publishing, 199–225 . Malingreau , J. P. and J. M. Gregoire . 1996 . Developing a global vegetation fire monitoring system for global change studies: A framework. Remote Sensing and Modeling of Biomass Burning
). Logs were skidded to these locations and stored prior to loading on trucks for transport to the mill. On decks, all vegetation was removed and the soil was compacted as a result of frequent passes of skidding and loading machinery. Decks were cleared by a tracked bulldozer so topsoil and organic matter were scraped off. In the logging operations at TNF, articulated wheeled skidders were used to skid logs to the decks. Because logging at this site was planned, skid trails covered the logging blocks
). Logs were skidded to these locations and stored prior to loading on trucks for transport to the mill. On decks, all vegetation was removed and the soil was compacted as a result of frequent passes of skidding and loading machinery. Decks were cleared by a tracked bulldozer so topsoil and organic matter were scraped off. In the logging operations at TNF, articulated wheeled skidders were used to skid logs to the decks. Because logging at this site was planned, skid trails covered the logging blocks
., Manual of Remote Sensing, F. M. Henderson and A. J. Lewis, Eds., John Wiley & Sons, 435–509 . Macedo , J. 1992 . Soil studies from the Brasilia National Park (in Portuguese). Appendix 2, Technical Report for subsidizing the review of the Brasilia National Park monitoring plan, 39 pp . Mantovani , J. E. and A. Pereira . 1998 . Estimating the integrity of the cerrado vegetation cover through the Landsat-TM data (in Portuguese). Proc. Brazilian Symp. on Remote Sensing, Santos, Sao Paulo
., Manual of Remote Sensing, F. M. Henderson and A. J. Lewis, Eds., John Wiley & Sons, 435–509 . Macedo , J. 1992 . Soil studies from the Brasilia National Park (in Portuguese). Appendix 2, Technical Report for subsidizing the review of the Brasilia National Park monitoring plan, 39 pp . Mantovani , J. E. and A. Pereira . 1998 . Estimating the integrity of the cerrado vegetation cover through the Landsat-TM data (in Portuguese). Proc. Brazilian Symp. on Remote Sensing, Santos, Sao Paulo
challenges to implementing a remote sensing program for monitoring forest management plans in the Amazon region. The first has to do with technical remote sensing issues. Reflectance retrieval, radiometric intercalibration, and SMA, particularly dealing with the need to find the correct set of end members, are not trivial tasks. Second, processing and interpreting the fraction data requires training the end users that will be in charge of such a forest-monitoring system. 7. Conclusions Statistical
challenges to implementing a remote sensing program for monitoring forest management plans in the Amazon region. The first has to do with technical remote sensing issues. Reflectance retrieval, radiometric intercalibration, and SMA, particularly dealing with the need to find the correct set of end members, are not trivial tasks. Second, processing and interpreting the fraction data requires training the end users that will be in charge of such a forest-monitoring system. 7. Conclusions Statistical
, harvests range from 3–20 trees per hectare or 30–200 m 3 volume per hectare ( Uhl and Vieira 1989 ; Martinelli et al. 2000 ; Keller et al. 2004 ). Reduced impact logging (RIL) is a planned technique with coordinated infrastructure, vines precut, and trees directionally felled ( Uhl et al. 1997 ). RIL can reduce forest damages significantly, particularly for intermediate-scale harvests ( Johns et al. 1996 ; Pinard and Putz 1996 ; Sist 2000 ). Ground damage can be up to 50% less and canopy damage up
, harvests range from 3–20 trees per hectare or 30–200 m 3 volume per hectare ( Uhl and Vieira 1989 ; Martinelli et al. 2000 ; Keller et al. 2004 ). Reduced impact logging (RIL) is a planned technique with coordinated infrastructure, vines precut, and trees directionally felled ( Uhl et al. 1997 ). RIL can reduce forest damages significantly, particularly for intermediate-scale harvests ( Johns et al. 1996 ; Pinard and Putz 1996 ; Sist 2000 ). Ground damage can be up to 50% less and canopy damage up
contextual fire detection algorithm for MODIS. Remote Sens. Environ. 47 : 1311 – 1318 . Gutman , G. , C. Elvidge , I. Csiszar , and P. Romanov . 2001 . NOAA archives of data from meteorological satellites useful for fire products. Global and Regional Wildfire Monitoring from Space: Planning a Coordinated International Effort , F. Ahern, J. Goldammer, and C. O. Juctice, Eds., SPB Academic Publishing, 257–266 . Hao , M. and M-H. Liu . 1994 . Spatial and temporal distribution of
contextual fire detection algorithm for MODIS. Remote Sens. Environ. 47 : 1311 – 1318 . Gutman , G. , C. Elvidge , I. Csiszar , and P. Romanov . 2001 . NOAA archives of data from meteorological satellites useful for fire products. Global and Regional Wildfire Monitoring from Space: Planning a Coordinated International Effort , F. Ahern, J. Goldammer, and C. O. Juctice, Eds., SPB Academic Publishing, 257–266 . Hao , M. and M-H. Liu . 1994 . Spatial and temporal distribution of
observations. Global Change Biol. 9 : 1145 – 1157 . Hughes , R. F. , P. M. Vitousek , and T. Tunison . 1991 . Alien grass invasion and fire in the seasonal submontane zone of Hawai’i. Ecology 72 : 743 – 746 . NPS 1990 . Fire Management Plan: Hawaii Volcanoes National Park . U.S. Department of the Interior, 54 pp . Parsons , J. J. 1970 . Spread of African pasture grasses in the American tropics. J. Range Manage. 25 : 12 – 17 . Roberts , D. A. , M. Gardner , R. Church , S
observations. Global Change Biol. 9 : 1145 – 1157 . Hughes , R. F. , P. M. Vitousek , and T. Tunison . 1991 . Alien grass invasion and fire in the seasonal submontane zone of Hawai’i. Ecology 72 : 743 – 746 . NPS 1990 . Fire Management Plan: Hawaii Volcanoes National Park . U.S. Department of the Interior, 54 pp . Parsons , J. J. 1970 . Spread of African pasture grasses in the American tropics. J. Range Manage. 25 : 12 – 17 . Roberts , D. A. , M. Gardner , R. Church , S
. Gibson . 2000 . The ERA-40 project plan. ERA-40 Project Report Series 1, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom, 63 pp . Susskind , J. , P. Piraino , L. Rokke , L. Iredell , and A. Mehta . 1997 . Characteristics of the TOVS Pathfinder Path A dataset. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 78 : 1449 – 1472 . Yap , K-S. 1995 . Impact of Newtonian assimilation and physical initialization on the initialization and prediction by a tropical mesoscale model
. Gibson . 2000 . The ERA-40 project plan. ERA-40 Project Report Series 1, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom, 63 pp . Susskind , J. , P. Piraino , L. Rokke , L. Iredell , and A. Mehta . 1997 . Characteristics of the TOVS Pathfinder Path A dataset. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 78 : 1449 – 1472 . Yap , K-S. 1995 . Impact of Newtonian assimilation and physical initialization on the initialization and prediction by a tropical mesoscale model
the Amazon (LBA), which seeks a better understanding of the interactions between Amazonian ecosystems and the atmosphere. In a sense, the present work provides the tools for computations of gross primary productivity (GPP) and for the evaluation of the biological control exerted by local vegetation over carbon and water fluxes. In an extension of this study we plan to use these data to test the ability to scale leaf-level fluxes to the whole canopy. 2. Methods and materials 2.1. Study site Primary
the Amazon (LBA), which seeks a better understanding of the interactions between Amazonian ecosystems and the atmosphere. In a sense, the present work provides the tools for computations of gross primary productivity (GPP) and for the evaluation of the biological control exerted by local vegetation over carbon and water fluxes. In an extension of this study we plan to use these data to test the ability to scale leaf-level fluxes to the whole canopy. 2. Methods and materials 2.1. Study site Primary
