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1. Introduction The ability to understand and model the effects of buildings on atmospheric flow in urban areas has become increasingly important throughout the world as cities grow larger. To be able to quantitatively assess the impact of urban areas on weather and climate, it is necessary to be able to characterize and model the urban boundary layer. The important processes to be modeled depend on the scale being modeled ( Rotach et al. 2002 ). At the smallest scales, the buildings and heat
1. Introduction The ability to understand and model the effects of buildings on atmospheric flow in urban areas has become increasingly important throughout the world as cities grow larger. To be able to quantitatively assess the impact of urban areas on weather and climate, it is necessary to be able to characterize and model the urban boundary layer. The important processes to be modeled depend on the scale being modeled ( Rotach et al. 2002 ). At the smallest scales, the buildings and heat
in their analyses of urban morphology ( Burian et al. 2005 ), little has been done to measure the effects of different urban forest types on the turbulence measured in cities. This could be one source of the differences found from one experiment to another. If the effect of the trees is comparable to the effect of buildings, then knowing more about these effects and their regional and seasonal differences could be very important to the characterization of urban turbulence. The fact that
in their analyses of urban morphology ( Burian et al. 2005 ), little has been done to measure the effects of different urban forest types on the turbulence measured in cities. This could be one source of the differences found from one experiment to another. If the effect of the trees is comparable to the effect of buildings, then knowing more about these effects and their regional and seasonal differences could be very important to the characterization of urban turbulence. The fact that