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). Despite this, much published work on atmospheric rivers continues to assert that atmospheric rivers achieve their high water vapor content through direct transport from the tropics (e.g., Rivera et al. 2014 ; Rutz et al. 2014 ; Neiman et al. 2013 ; Wick et al. 2013 ; Dettinger 2013 ; Matrosov 2013 ; Guan et al. 2013 ; Kim et al. 2013 ; Moore et al. 2012 ). In this paper, we aim to illustrate the intrinsic role that extratropical cyclones have in atmospheric river formation. The misconception
). Despite this, much published work on atmospheric rivers continues to assert that atmospheric rivers achieve their high water vapor content through direct transport from the tropics (e.g., Rivera et al. 2014 ; Rutz et al. 2014 ; Neiman et al. 2013 ; Wick et al. 2013 ; Dettinger 2013 ; Matrosov 2013 ; Guan et al. 2013 ; Kim et al. 2013 ; Moore et al. 2012 ). In this paper, we aim to illustrate the intrinsic role that extratropical cyclones have in atmospheric river formation. The misconception
. Indeed, in the subtropics, there is considerable evidence for extensive convection on the eastern side of midlatitude troughs that move toward the tropics ( Waugh and Polvani 2000 ; Waugh and Funatsu 2003 ; Waugh 2005 ; Funatsu and Waugh 2008 ; Sandhya and Sridharan 2014 ). Deep convection in the midlatitudes can also be associated with cyclonic upper-level PV anomalies. For example, Antonescu et al. (2013) examined the distribution of convection around upper-level troughs passing over the
. Indeed, in the subtropics, there is considerable evidence for extensive convection on the eastern side of midlatitude troughs that move toward the tropics ( Waugh and Polvani 2000 ; Waugh and Funatsu 2003 ; Waugh 2005 ; Funatsu and Waugh 2008 ; Sandhya and Sridharan 2014 ). Deep convection in the midlatitudes can also be associated with cyclonic upper-level PV anomalies. For example, Antonescu et al. (2013) examined the distribution of convection around upper-level troughs passing over the
