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Satellite data summary images and analysis plots from the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE), which were initially prepared in the field at the Honiara Operations Center, are now available on the Internet via World Wide Web browsers such as Mosaic. These satellite data summaries consist of products derived from the Japanese Geosynchronous Meteorological Satellite IR data: a time–size series of the distribution of contiguous cold cloudiness areas, weekly percent high cloudiness (PHC) maps, and a five-month time–longitude diagram illustrating the zonal motion of large areas of cold cloudiness. The weekly PHC maps are overlaid with weekly mean 850-hPa wind calculated from the ECMWF global analysis field and can be viewed as an animation loop. These satellite summaries provide an overview of spatial and temporal variabilities of the cloud population and a large-scale context for studies concerning specific processes of various components of TOGA COARE.
Satellite data summary images and analysis plots from the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE), which were initially prepared in the field at the Honiara Operations Center, are now available on the Internet via World Wide Web browsers such as Mosaic. These satellite data summaries consist of products derived from the Japanese Geosynchronous Meteorological Satellite IR data: a time–size series of the distribution of contiguous cold cloudiness areas, weekly percent high cloudiness (PHC) maps, and a five-month time–longitude diagram illustrating the zonal motion of large areas of cold cloudiness. The weekly PHC maps are overlaid with weekly mean 850-hPa wind calculated from the ECMWF global analysis field and can be viewed as an animation loop. These satellite summaries provide an overview of spatial and temporal variabilities of the cloud population and a large-scale context for studies concerning specific processes of various components of TOGA COARE.
Abstract
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Abstract
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An electronic atlas of research aircraft missions in TOGA COARE (Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment) has been prepared and is available on the Internet via World Wide Web browsers such as Mosaic. These maps are in the form of time sequences of color imagery assembled using the NCAR Zebra software. Initial versions of these maps were prepared in the field at the TOGA COARE Honiara Operations Center to aid in the evaluation of each aircraft mission immediately after it was flown. The maps prepared in the field have been updated, corrected, and remapped at standard scales and with common color schemes. They show the meteorological setting of sampling by all seven aircraft participating in TOGA COARE—the two NOAA WP-3D aircraft, the NCAR Electra, the FIAMS C-340, the UK C-130, and the NASA DC-8 and ER-2—by overlaying flight tracks, GMS satellite infrared data, and NOAA WP-3D airborne radar images. The map sequences are combined with text of scientists' notes and other background information on the research flights to form a summary of each aircraft mission. The resulting aircraft mission summaries are intended as a road map to the COARE aircraft dataset. They indicate where and when data were collected and the meteorological context for those data. As an electronic document, the atlas of aircraft mission summaries is available on demand, and it is dynamic: as further information becomes available, the mission summaries will continue to be added to and updated as appropriate, and new releases will be issued periodically.
An electronic atlas of research aircraft missions in TOGA COARE (Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment) has been prepared and is available on the Internet via World Wide Web browsers such as Mosaic. These maps are in the form of time sequences of color imagery assembled using the NCAR Zebra software. Initial versions of these maps were prepared in the field at the TOGA COARE Honiara Operations Center to aid in the evaluation of each aircraft mission immediately after it was flown. The maps prepared in the field have been updated, corrected, and remapped at standard scales and with common color schemes. They show the meteorological setting of sampling by all seven aircraft participating in TOGA COARE—the two NOAA WP-3D aircraft, the NCAR Electra, the FIAMS C-340, the UK C-130, and the NASA DC-8 and ER-2—by overlaying flight tracks, GMS satellite infrared data, and NOAA WP-3D airborne radar images. The map sequences are combined with text of scientists' notes and other background information on the research flights to form a summary of each aircraft mission. The resulting aircraft mission summaries are intended as a road map to the COARE aircraft dataset. They indicate where and when data were collected and the meteorological context for those data. As an electronic document, the atlas of aircraft mission summaries is available on demand, and it is dynamic: as further information becomes available, the mission summaries will continue to be added to and updated as appropriate, and new releases will be issued periodically.
A real-time and automated multiple-Doppler analysis method for ground-based radar data, with an emphasis on observations conducted over complex terrain, is presented. It is the result of a joint effort of the radar groups of Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques and Laboratoire d'Aérologie with a view to converging toward a common optimized procedure to retrieve mass-conserved three-dimensional wind fields in the presence of complex topography. The multiple-Doppler synthesis and continuity adjustment technique initially proposed for airborne Doppler radar data, then extended to ground-based Doppler radars and nonflat orography, is combined with a variational approach aimed at improving the vertical velocity calculation over mountainous regions. This procedure was successfully applied in real time during the Mesoscale Alpine Programme Special Observing Period. The real-time processing and display of Doppler radar data were intended to assist nowcast and aircraft missions, and involved efforts of the United Sates, France, and Switzerland.
A real-time and automated multiple-Doppler analysis method for ground-based radar data, with an emphasis on observations conducted over complex terrain, is presented. It is the result of a joint effort of the radar groups of Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques and Laboratoire d'Aérologie with a view to converging toward a common optimized procedure to retrieve mass-conserved three-dimensional wind fields in the presence of complex topography. The multiple-Doppler synthesis and continuity adjustment technique initially proposed for airborne Doppler radar data, then extended to ground-based Doppler radars and nonflat orography, is combined with a variational approach aimed at improving the vertical velocity calculation over mountainous regions. This procedure was successfully applied in real time during the Mesoscale Alpine Programme Special Observing Period. The real-time processing and display of Doppler radar data were intended to assist nowcast and aircraft missions, and involved efforts of the United Sates, France, and Switzerland.
