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- Author or Editor: B. V. Krishna Murthy x
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Abstract
The altitude profiles of water vapor density, ρ, in the troposphere at low latitudes have been studied using radiosonde observations over nine stations in India. An attempt has been made to evolve a satisfactory model for the altitude variation of ρ in terms of the surface value. It has been found that a simple exponential relation with constant scale height parameter is not always adequate for this purpose. The scale height parameter shows significant variation with altitude. A double exponential profile having two different scale height parameters is found to be more suitable for most of the cases.
Abstract
The altitude profiles of water vapor density, ρ, in the troposphere at low latitudes have been studied using radiosonde observations over nine stations in India. An attempt has been made to evolve a satisfactory model for the altitude variation of ρ in terms of the surface value. It has been found that a simple exponential relation with constant scale height parameter is not always adequate for this purpose. The scale height parameter shows significant variation with altitude. A double exponential profile having two different scale height parameters is found to be more suitable for most of the cases.
Abstract
The effects of sea breeze on optical depth, size distribution, and columnar loading of aerosols at the tropical coastal station of Trivandrum are studied. It has been observed that sea-breeze front activity results in a significant and short-lived enhancement in aerosol optical depth and columnar loading in contrast to the effects seen on normal sea-breeze days. Examination of the changes in columnar aerosol size distribution associated with sea-breeze activity revealed an enhancement of small-particle (size less than 0.28 µ m) concentration. The aerosol size distributions deduced from optical depth measurements generally show a pronounced bimodal structure associated with the frontal activity.
Abstract
The effects of sea breeze on optical depth, size distribution, and columnar loading of aerosols at the tropical coastal station of Trivandrum are studied. It has been observed that sea-breeze front activity results in a significant and short-lived enhancement in aerosol optical depth and columnar loading in contrast to the effects seen on normal sea-breeze days. Examination of the changes in columnar aerosol size distribution associated with sea-breeze activity revealed an enhancement of small-particle (size less than 0.28 µ m) concentration. The aerosol size distributions deduced from optical depth measurements generally show a pronounced bimodal structure associated with the frontal activity.
Abstract
Using aerosol optical depth as a function of wavelength obtained from ground-based multiwavelength radiometer observations, columnar size-distribution functions of aerosols have been derived. It has been found that the nature of the derived size-distribution function is strongly dependent on season. The derived size-distribution functions are discussed in term of seasonally dependent natural aerosol sources and sinks.
Abstract
Using aerosol optical depth as a function of wavelength obtained from ground-based multiwavelength radiometer observations, columnar size-distribution functions of aerosols have been derived. It has been found that the nature of the derived size-distribution function is strongly dependent on season. The derived size-distribution functions are discussed in term of seasonally dependent natural aerosol sources and sinks.
Abstract
Using rocket wind data at a tropical station, Balasore (21.5°N, 86.9°E), the diurnal and semidiurnal tidal amplitudes and phases of the zonal and meridional components have been obtained over an altitude range of 20–65 km for equinox, summer and winter seasons. Comparison with the theoretical values revealed some important differences between the two and the implications of these are discussed.
Abstract
Using rocket wind data at a tropical station, Balasore (21.5°N, 86.9°E), the diurnal and semidiurnal tidal amplitudes and phases of the zonal and meridional components have been obtained over an altitude range of 20–65 km for equinox, summer and winter seasons. Comparison with the theoretical values revealed some important differences between the two and the implications of these are discussed.
Abstract
Altitude distribution of aerosols in the mixing region in a tropical coastal environment is studied using a bistatic continuous-wave lidar. It is found that aerosols remain fairly well mixed—their number density showing little variation with altitude up to an altitude of approximately 300 m from the surface, and above this their number density, in general, decreases with an increase in altitude. The aerosol number density shows a significant dependence on the near-surface wind speed. This dependence, could be represented fairly well by an exponential function of wind speed. The wind contribution to aerosol content is found to be at its maximum during the southwest monsoon period.
Abstract
Altitude distribution of aerosols in the mixing region in a tropical coastal environment is studied using a bistatic continuous-wave lidar. It is found that aerosols remain fairly well mixed—their number density showing little variation with altitude up to an altitude of approximately 300 m from the surface, and above this their number density, in general, decreases with an increase in altitude. The aerosol number density shows a significant dependence on the near-surface wind speed. This dependence, could be represented fairly well by an exponential function of wind speed. The wind contribution to aerosol content is found to be at its maximum during the southwest monsoon period.
Abstract
Regular radiosonde measurements conducted by the India Meteorological Department at eleven stations spread over a latitude range of 8.5°–28.6°N for a period of nine years are used for the, study of the tropical tropopause characteristics, altitude (H), temperature (T) and pressure (P). The results are examined in the light of the hypothesis of Reid and Gage. It has been shown that large-scale cloud cover affects the tropopause parameters for annual and semiannual periods, while for longer periods (biennial) the cloud cover effect is not significant.
Abstract
Regular radiosonde measurements conducted by the India Meteorological Department at eleven stations spread over a latitude range of 8.5°–28.6°N for a period of nine years are used for the, study of the tropical tropopause characteristics, altitude (H), temperature (T) and pressure (P). The results are examined in the light of the hypothesis of Reid and Gage. It has been shown that large-scale cloud cover affects the tropopause parameters for annual and semiannual periods, while for longer periods (biennial) the cloud cover effect is not significant.
