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Arguments are presented in support of an intermediate bandwidth rebroadcast service that would make geostationary satellite image data in digital form available frequently to a broader base of users. The appeal of locally available animated cloud motion display is stressed along with the expanding impact of quantitative observables being extracted from digital imagery. By appropriate investment in uplink and rebroadcast facilities, a variety of potential users could acquire data that would be adequate for many operational applications for a fraction of the cost involved in handling present digital image transmissions.
Arguments are presented in support of an intermediate bandwidth rebroadcast service that would make geostationary satellite image data in digital form available frequently to a broader base of users. The appeal of locally available animated cloud motion display is stressed along with the expanding impact of quantitative observables being extracted from digital imagery. By appropriate investment in uplink and rebroadcast facilities, a variety of potential users could acquire data that would be adequate for many operational applications for a fraction of the cost involved in handling present digital image transmissions.
Abstract
Zonal wind errors in a series of numerical barotropic forecasts are discussed. A characteristic error is the growth of west winds in middle latitudes and their decay to the south. Momentum transport in the absence of momentum sources and sinks in the barotropic model is suggested as the principal contributor to this type of error. Evidence of nonlinear growth of the zonal wind error suggests that use of past errors as a simple linear correction of forecast zonal profiles is not a promising solution of the problem particularly when no provision is made for stabilization of the longest waves. In an attempt to throw some light on the remaining question of what can bedone to improve the barotropic model with respect to zonal wind errors, a series of experimental forecasts is made using a form of the barotropic vorticity equation with a persistent frictional term that provides crudely for momentum sources and sinks. Although the results are: to a considerable degree, inconclusive, they suggest that future efforts should be directed toward the inclusion of friction in a more realistic atmospheric model.
Abstract
Zonal wind errors in a series of numerical barotropic forecasts are discussed. A characteristic error is the growth of west winds in middle latitudes and their decay to the south. Momentum transport in the absence of momentum sources and sinks in the barotropic model is suggested as the principal contributor to this type of error. Evidence of nonlinear growth of the zonal wind error suggests that use of past errors as a simple linear correction of forecast zonal profiles is not a promising solution of the problem particularly when no provision is made for stabilization of the longest waves. In an attempt to throw some light on the remaining question of what can bedone to improve the barotropic model with respect to zonal wind errors, a series of experimental forecasts is made using a form of the barotropic vorticity equation with a persistent frictional term that provides crudely for momentum sources and sinks. Although the results are: to a considerable degree, inconclusive, they suggest that future efforts should be directed toward the inclusion of friction in a more realistic atmospheric model.
Digital imagery is currently available from geostationary satellites and will be available from new polar orbiters in the near future. Stable, wide-range responses in two or more channels, all in digital form, present opportunity for the extraction of quantitative information in support of the operational industrial meteorologist. A relatively low-cost acquisition and manipulating facility is discussed by which the private user may promptly acquire and treat limited data arrays for times and locations of his own choosing. The proposed starting configuration has limited but powerful capabilities and is focused on geostationary satellite data acquisition. Realistic resource estimates are provided for both hardware and software so that a prospective user may judge the economic feasibility of such a system for his application.
Digital imagery is currently available from geostationary satellites and will be available from new polar orbiters in the near future. Stable, wide-range responses in two or more channels, all in digital form, present opportunity for the extraction of quantitative information in support of the operational industrial meteorologist. A relatively low-cost acquisition and manipulating facility is discussed by which the private user may promptly acquire and treat limited data arrays for times and locations of his own choosing. The proposed starting configuration has limited but powerful capabilities and is focused on geostationary satellite data acquisition. Realistic resource estimates are provided for both hardware and software so that a prospective user may judge the economic feasibility of such a system for his application.
Abstract
This survey paper explains currently applied procedures whereby operational products are formed from digitized satellite cloud pictures. Sufficient details are provided so that prospective users of the products may understand how they are produced. Comments on the outlook for digital product embellishments and augmentations are provided.
Abstract
This survey paper explains currently applied procedures whereby operational products are formed from digitized satellite cloud pictures. Sufficient details are provided so that prospective users of the products may understand how they are produced. Comments on the outlook for digital product embellishments and augmentations are provided.