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- Author or Editor: Irving I. Schell x
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Three pairs of historical series of mean monthly sea-surface temperatures in the North Atlantic were analyzed, one pair from the tropical area, 15N to 20N, 60W to 65W, dominated by the North Equatorial Current; the second from the semitropical area, 30N to 35N, 55W to 60W, by the Gulf Stream; and the third pair from the polar area, 45N to 50N, 45W to 50W, off Newfoundland by the Labrador Current.
The results obtained show that, by successively eliminating those values based upon few observations per month, the standard deviation, σ, tends to become relatively constant and may then serve as a criterion of the representativeness of sea surface temperature data.
Three pairs of historical series of mean monthly sea-surface temperatures in the North Atlantic were analyzed, one pair from the tropical area, 15N to 20N, 60W to 65W, dominated by the North Equatorial Current; the second from the semitropical area, 30N to 35N, 55W to 60W, by the Gulf Stream; and the third pair from the polar area, 45N to 50N, 45W to 50W, off Newfoundland by the Labrador Current.
The results obtained show that, by successively eliminating those values based upon few observations per month, the standard deviation, σ, tends to become relatively constant and may then serve as a criterion of the representativeness of sea surface temperature data.
Abstract
It is shown that the mean sea-ice limit in the Greenland and Barents Seas during the period April–August is a substantial measure of both the sea-surface temperature near the Faroes and the east coast of Iceland, and the air temperature at Iceland, during the subsequent period September–February.
Furthermore, it is shown that decadal variations of Arctic ice are a measure of decadal trends of ocean phenomena and weather in the region of the northern North Atlantic Ocean.
Abstract
It is shown that the mean sea-ice limit in the Greenland and Barents Seas during the period April–August is a substantial measure of both the sea-surface temperature near the Faroes and the east coast of Iceland, and the air temperature at Iceland, during the subsequent period September–February.
Furthermore, it is shown that decadal variations of Arctic ice are a measure of decadal trends of ocean phenomena and weather in the region of the northern North Atlantic Ocean.
Abstract
Detailed evidence is presented of the relationship of the winter and preceding fall pressure in the Philippines and adjacent areas with the winter precipitation of the North Pacific and North America, affirming the principle of dynamic persistence. An examination of several dynamic-persistence relationships during the l7-year period from 1939-1940 to 1955-1956 shows their foreshadowing performance to be appreciably better than could be obtained from probability and simple persistence considerations.
Abstract
Detailed evidence is presented of the relationship of the winter and preceding fall pressure in the Philippines and adjacent areas with the winter precipitation of the North Pacific and North America, affirming the principle of dynamic persistence. An examination of several dynamic-persistence relationships during the l7-year period from 1939-1940 to 1955-1956 shows their foreshadowing performance to be appreciably better than could be obtained from probability and simple persistence considerations.
Heavy Snowstorms at Blue Hill (Boston), Mass. (Concluded from May Bulletin, p. 167)
III. Precipitation Index at Washington, D. C., and Buffalo, N. Y., Associated With Heavy Winter Snowstorms at Blue Hill
The local precipitation indexes, w/L (namely, the ratio of the specific humidity to the lift required to initiate condensation), at Washington, D. C., and Buffalo, N. Y., from which directions the storms reaching Blue Hill usually arrive, are moderate to large shortly before and during (all but near the end of) a heavy snowstorm at Blue Hill, and give some indication of the amount of precipitation to be expected.
The local precipitation indexes, w/L (namely, the ratio of the specific humidity to the lift required to initiate condensation), at Washington, D. C., and Buffalo, N. Y., from which directions the storms reaching Blue Hill usually arrive, are moderate to large shortly before and during (all but near the end of) a heavy snowstorm at Blue Hill, and give some indication of the amount of precipitation to be expected.
Heavy Snowstorms at Blue Hill (Boston), Mass.
II. Pressure, Wind and Temperature on Mt. Washington During the 24 Hours Prior to the Onset of Heavy Snow at Blue Hill
During the 24 hours before the all-snow storms (of which there were 12), the pressure on Mt. Washington (elevation 6,288 ft. and 142 miles to the north) rises, the usually prevailing strong northwesterly wind drops sharply, and the temperature mostly shows a rise from a low value. Before heavy snow mixed or alternating with rain (4 storms), the pressure on Mt. Washington starts high and falls, the temperature is moderate, and the wind velocity is comparatively low, frequently with southerly or easterly components.
During the 24 hours before the all-snow storms (of which there were 12), the pressure on Mt. Washington (elevation 6,288 ft. and 142 miles to the north) rises, the usually prevailing strong northwesterly wind drops sharply, and the temperature mostly shows a rise from a low value. Before heavy snow mixed or alternating with rain (4 storms), the pressure on Mt. Washington starts high and falls, the temperature is moderate, and the wind velocity is comparatively low, frequently with southerly or easterly components.
