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1. Introduction and background This study examines the influences of state and local political affiliation and local exposure to weather-related impacts on local government climate adaptation efforts, and it contributes to literature aimed at addressing the widely acknowledged need for understanding key barriers to U.S. climate adaptation adaptation. Cities in the United States have played an increasingly important role in combating climate change by taking up ambitious plans and policies
1. Introduction and background This study examines the influences of state and local political affiliation and local exposure to weather-related impacts on local government climate adaptation efforts, and it contributes to literature aimed at addressing the widely acknowledged need for understanding key barriers to U.S. climate adaptation adaptation. Cities in the United States have played an increasingly important role in combating climate change by taking up ambitious plans and policies
2015 ). Climate Matters in the Newsroom (CMN) is a program for climate-reporting resources created in 2018 to encourage and enable an increase in local, science-based, climate reporting nationwide. CMN provides journalists with localized reporting resources and with the opportunity to participate in local climate-reporting workshops. These workshops bring together experts in various topics of relevance to climate change as a local issue (e.g., public opinion, climate impacts, and clean energy) to
2015 ). Climate Matters in the Newsroom (CMN) is a program for climate-reporting resources created in 2018 to encourage and enable an increase in local, science-based, climate reporting nationwide. CMN provides journalists with localized reporting resources and with the opportunity to participate in local climate-reporting workshops. These workshops bring together experts in various topics of relevance to climate change as a local issue (e.g., public opinion, climate impacts, and clean energy) to
; Ivanova 2021 ). To maintain the reliability of the grid, ERCOT makes short-term seasonal power-demand assessments (e.g., https://www.ercot.com/files/docs/2020/11/05/SARA-FinalWinter2020-2021.pdf ) to ensure adequate resources will be available. These assessments are based on the weather from the past decade and factors such as population, but they do not account for a changing climate or the likelihood of climate variability outside the very recent historical record. The impact of extreme
; Ivanova 2021 ). To maintain the reliability of the grid, ERCOT makes short-term seasonal power-demand assessments (e.g., https://www.ercot.com/files/docs/2020/11/05/SARA-FinalWinter2020-2021.pdf ) to ensure adequate resources will be available. These assessments are based on the weather from the past decade and factors such as population, but they do not account for a changing climate or the likelihood of climate variability outside the very recent historical record. The impact of extreme
affecting aircraft operations, accounting for 70%–80% of passenger delays ( Rosenberger et al. 2002 ) and costing airlines hundreds of millions of dollars per year in lost revenue ( Lan et al. 2006 ). Thus far, few studies have investigated the effects of climate change on aviation-relevant weather parameters ( Williams and Joshi 2013 ). Here we quantify the expected impact of increasing mean and extreme temperatures on aircraft performance. As air warms at constant pressure it becomes less dense, and
affecting aircraft operations, accounting for 70%–80% of passenger delays ( Rosenberger et al. 2002 ) and costing airlines hundreds of millions of dollars per year in lost revenue ( Lan et al. 2006 ). Thus far, few studies have investigated the effects of climate change on aviation-relevant weather parameters ( Williams and Joshi 2013 ). Here we quantify the expected impact of increasing mean and extreme temperatures on aircraft performance. As air warms at constant pressure it becomes less dense, and
precipitation events resulted in extensive damage to public infrastructure and private property and highlight the potential impacts of climate change ( Pealer 2012 ). Adaptation planning can be enhanced by reliable climate projections at local governance scales. Regional changes in temperature and precipitation have already been observed in the region. Keim et al. (2005) found positive trends in precipitation across the northeastern (NE) United States but did note that trends differ across subsets of this
precipitation events resulted in extensive damage to public infrastructure and private property and highlight the potential impacts of climate change ( Pealer 2012 ). Adaptation planning can be enhanced by reliable climate projections at local governance scales. Regional changes in temperature and precipitation have already been observed in the region. Keim et al. (2005) found positive trends in precipitation across the northeastern (NE) United States but did note that trends differ across subsets of this
2001 , 2007 , 2014 ), numerous climate change impact assessments (CCIAs) have been produced on a global scale—again, as evidenced by the various literature reviews on climate change and tourism that have emerged in recent years ( Scott et al. 2012 ; Gössling et al. 2012 ; Becken 2013 ; Kaján and Saarinen 2013 ; Rosselló-Nadal 2014 ; Hewer and Gough 2018 ). Given the importance of this industry to local, regional, and national economies in Canada and the perceived sensitivity of ORT to
2001 , 2007 , 2014 ), numerous climate change impact assessments (CCIAs) have been produced on a global scale—again, as evidenced by the various literature reviews on climate change and tourism that have emerged in recent years ( Scott et al. 2012 ; Gössling et al. 2012 ; Becken 2013 ; Kaján and Saarinen 2013 ; Rosselló-Nadal 2014 ; Hewer and Gough 2018 ). Given the importance of this industry to local, regional, and national economies in Canada and the perceived sensitivity of ORT to
1. Introduction The Third National Climate Assessment made the case that serious impacts of climate change are now occurring in every region of the United States ( Melillo et al. 2014 ). The Northeast, for example, has seen dramatic changes in heavy precipitation events, which threaten water quality, infrastructure, and ecosystems. Other parts of the United States have seen more extreme heat events, which negatively affect agriculture and the health of vulnerable populations. The assessment
1. Introduction The Third National Climate Assessment made the case that serious impacts of climate change are now occurring in every region of the United States ( Melillo et al. 2014 ). The Northeast, for example, has seen dramatic changes in heavy precipitation events, which threaten water quality, infrastructure, and ecosystems. Other parts of the United States have seen more extreme heat events, which negatively affect agriculture and the health of vulnerable populations. The assessment
). Even though climate models project with greater certainty, the rise in temperature in various parts of the globe, the projections of rainfall are still are uncertain ( Earman and Dettinger 2011 ). During the last decade, an extensive amount of research has been published on how climate change might influence different aspects of the hydrological cycle with focus on surface water impacts ( Adger et al. 2007 ). Even though in recent years groundwater impacts of climate change are receiving attention
). Even though climate models project with greater certainty, the rise in temperature in various parts of the globe, the projections of rainfall are still are uncertain ( Earman and Dettinger 2011 ). During the last decade, an extensive amount of research has been published on how climate change might influence different aspects of the hydrological cycle with focus on surface water impacts ( Adger et al. 2007 ). Even though in recent years groundwater impacts of climate change are receiving attention
Toward Effective Collaborations between Polar Regional Climate and Impacts Modelers What : The aim of this workshop was to discuss the needs and challenges in using high-resolution climate model outputs for impacts-relevant modeling. Development of impacts-relevant climate projections in the polar regions requires effective collaboration between regional climate modelers and impacts-relevant modelers in the design stage of high-resolution climate projections for the polar regions
Toward Effective Collaborations between Polar Regional Climate and Impacts Modelers What : The aim of this workshop was to discuss the needs and challenges in using high-resolution climate model outputs for impacts-relevant modeling. Development of impacts-relevant climate projections in the polar regions requires effective collaboration between regional climate modelers and impacts-relevant modelers in the design stage of high-resolution climate projections for the polar regions
are also concerned about the actual and potential impact of climate change on their cultural, spiritual, and economic health. The Pachauri and Reisinger (2007) asserted that impacts on ice, snow, and glaciers would be significant, which would result in a tremendous impact upon the people’s subsistence. Updates to these reports suggest that changes are occurring faster than anticipated: in 2007, Arctic sea ice reached a record low ( NASA Earth Observatory 2007 ), and in 2008 both the northeast
are also concerned about the actual and potential impact of climate change on their cultural, spiritual, and economic health. The Pachauri and Reisinger (2007) asserted that impacts on ice, snow, and glaciers would be significant, which would result in a tremendous impact upon the people’s subsistence. Updates to these reports suggest that changes are occurring faster than anticipated: in 2007, Arctic sea ice reached a record low ( NASA Earth Observatory 2007 ), and in 2008 both the northeast
