Search Results
1. Introduction Inclement weather conditions, sometimes contributed by the changing climate ( IPCC 2021 ; Alizadeh-Choobari and Najafi 2018 ; Ludlow and Travis 2019 ), impact the transportation system in a multitude of ways ( Andrey et al. 2003 ; Pregnolato et al. 2017 ; Omranian et al. 2018 ). Failures in sections of the transportation network may proliferate over larger areas, with cascading negative effects ( Martín et al. 2021 ). Major interruptions in road-based transportation by
1. Introduction Inclement weather conditions, sometimes contributed by the changing climate ( IPCC 2021 ; Alizadeh-Choobari and Najafi 2018 ; Ludlow and Travis 2019 ), impact the transportation system in a multitude of ways ( Andrey et al. 2003 ; Pregnolato et al. 2017 ; Omranian et al. 2018 ). Failures in sections of the transportation network may proliferate over larger areas, with cascading negative effects ( Martín et al. 2021 ). Major interruptions in road-based transportation by
cancellation definitions, metrics, and datasets utilized by the aviation and transportation community. Therefore, our analyses provide the most up-to-date analysis of weather impacts on commercial airline schedules and aviation system performance. The organization of the paper is as follows: Section 2 describes the weather and aviation datasets and methods, section 3 presents the delay and cancellation analyses, and section 4 provides a discussion of the overall impact of weather on U.S. airport
cancellation definitions, metrics, and datasets utilized by the aviation and transportation community. Therefore, our analyses provide the most up-to-date analysis of weather impacts on commercial airline schedules and aviation system performance. The organization of the paper is as follows: Section 2 describes the weather and aviation datasets and methods, section 3 presents the delay and cancellation analyses, and section 4 provides a discussion of the overall impact of weather on U.S. airport
—applications in urban meteorology, energy, air pollution management, and surface transportation. Part III continues along this line by discussing meteorological applications in agriculture and food security and then treating those topics that have emerged more recently, including space weather, use of meteorology in managing wildland fires, and applications of artificial intelligence ( Haupt et al. 2019b ). The examples in this chapter and its partners describe steps toward communicating and collaborating to
—applications in urban meteorology, energy, air pollution management, and surface transportation. Part III continues along this line by discussing meteorological applications in agriculture and food security and then treating those topics that have emerged more recently, including space weather, use of meteorology in managing wildland fires, and applications of artificial intelligence ( Haupt et al. 2019b ). The examples in this chapter and its partners describe steps toward communicating and collaborating to
1. Introduction a. Background The road surface temperature affects the safety of roads in winter and the thermal environment (such as heat islands) in urbanized areas. The heat-balance method used to predict the road surface temperature requires an accurate evaluation of the heat factors that influence the road surface. However, in contrast to the stochastic method, the heat-balance method does not require the correlations between the road surface temperature and natural factors (meteorology
1. Introduction a. Background The road surface temperature affects the safety of roads in winter and the thermal environment (such as heat islands) in urbanized areas. The heat-balance method used to predict the road surface temperature requires an accurate evaluation of the heat factors that influence the road surface. However, in contrast to the stochastic method, the heat-balance method does not require the correlations between the road surface temperature and natural factors (meteorology
aircraft upset (unintentionally exceeding parameters experienced during normal operations). This study will build on existing research to determine the spatial and temporal characteristics of winter-weather-related transportation fatalities. Fatalities from these accidents are considered to be indirect and are traditionally omitted from analysis by the meteorological community. It is hoped that this research will reveal patterns of vulnerability, which can then be used to develop more effective
aircraft upset (unintentionally exceeding parameters experienced during normal operations). This study will build on existing research to determine the spatial and temporal characteristics of winter-weather-related transportation fatalities. Fatalities from these accidents are considered to be indirect and are traditionally omitted from analysis by the meteorological community. It is hoped that this research will reveal patterns of vulnerability, which can then be used to develop more effective
1. Introduction Human-induced environmental change is a major challenge facing all levels of government. Anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) forcing is contributing to a variety of changes in the biophysical system, resulting in myriad impacts on communities globally ( IPCC 2014 ). To inform adaptation strategies and measures, there is a need to better understand the impacts of environmental change on affected systems. The transportation sector, while vital to the global economy, has been
1. Introduction Human-induced environmental change is a major challenge facing all levels of government. Anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) forcing is contributing to a variety of changes in the biophysical system, resulting in myriad impacts on communities globally ( IPCC 2014 ). To inform adaptation strategies and measures, there is a need to better understand the impacts of environmental change on affected systems. The transportation sector, while vital to the global economy, has been
://ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/83959.pdf .] Pisano , P. A. , J. S. Pol , A. D. Stern , B. C. Boyce , and J. K. Garrett , 2007 : Evolution of the U.S. Department of Transportation Clarus initiative: Project status and future plans. Preprints, 23rd Conf. on Interactive Systems (IIPS) for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology, San Antonio, TX, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 4A.5. [Available online at http://ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/119018.pdf .] SAE International , 2009 : On-Board Diagnostics for Light and Medium
://ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/83959.pdf .] Pisano , P. A. , J. S. Pol , A. D. Stern , B. C. Boyce , and J. K. Garrett , 2007 : Evolution of the U.S. Department of Transportation Clarus initiative: Project status and future plans. Preprints, 23rd Conf. on Interactive Systems (IIPS) for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology, San Antonio, TX, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 4A.5. [Available online at http://ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/119018.pdf .] SAE International , 2009 : On-Board Diagnostics for Light and Medium
, minor, moderate, major, and extreme). Unlike the AWSSI and many state DOT WSIs, the WSSI is specific to individual snowstorms. The components of the WSSI include snow amount, blowing snow, ice accumulation, flash freeze, and ground blizzard. A daily event-driven, meteorological index complements the ongoing refinement of the WSSI. This current analysis developed a WSI for the Nebraska Department of Transportation (NDOT). The Nebraska winter severity index (NEWINS; pronounced “N-wins”) incorporates
, minor, moderate, major, and extreme). Unlike the AWSSI and many state DOT WSIs, the WSSI is specific to individual snowstorms. The components of the WSSI include snow amount, blowing snow, ice accumulation, flash freeze, and ground blizzard. A daily event-driven, meteorological index complements the ongoing refinement of the WSSI. This current analysis developed a WSI for the Nebraska Department of Transportation (NDOT). The Nebraska winter severity index (NEWINS; pronounced “N-wins”) incorporates
receive the same level of aviation meteorology training. For example, Lanicci et al. (2012) notes that a person may incorrectly answer every weather-related question on an FAA knowledge exam and still pass the exam. Fultz and Ashley (2016) examined 58 687 GA accidents that occurred during 1982–2013 and found that weather was a cause or contributing factor in 26% (15 439) of the accidents. Of these weather-related accidents, high DA was associated with 8% (1268), 297 of which were fatal. For this
receive the same level of aviation meteorology training. For example, Lanicci et al. (2012) notes that a person may incorrectly answer every weather-related question on an FAA knowledge exam and still pass the exam. Fultz and Ashley (2016) examined 58 687 GA accidents that occurred during 1982–2013 and found that weather was a cause or contributing factor in 26% (15 439) of the accidents. Of these weather-related accidents, high DA was associated with 8% (1268), 297 of which were fatal. For this
’s inadvertent flight through the top of a convective updraft,” even though the pilot was able to see ground lights minutes before (National Transportation Safety Board incident DCA09IA071; for brief and full narratives of the incident see online at http://www.ntsb.gov/aviationquery/brief.aspx?ev_id=20090810X21314&key=1 ). Convective updrafts can be inferred by monitoring cooling trends of infrared (IR) window brightness temperatures (BT) from geostationary satellites [e.g., Geostationary Operational
’s inadvertent flight through the top of a convective updraft,” even though the pilot was able to see ground lights minutes before (National Transportation Safety Board incident DCA09IA071; for brief and full narratives of the incident see online at http://www.ntsb.gov/aviationquery/brief.aspx?ev_id=20090810X21314&key=1 ). Convective updrafts can be inferred by monitoring cooling trends of infrared (IR) window brightness temperatures (BT) from geostationary satellites [e.g., Geostationary Operational
