Abstract
Vertical modes were derived for a version of the Colorado State Regional Atmospheric Mesoscale Modeling System. We studied the impact of three options for dealing with the upper boundary of the model. The standard model formulation holds pressure constant at a fixed altitude near the model top, and produces a fastest mode with a speed of about 90 m s−1. An alternative formulation which allows for an external mode, could require recomputation of vertical modes for every surface elevation on the horizontal grid unless the modes are derived in a particular way. These results have beating on the feasibility of applying vertical mode initialization to models with scaled height coordinates.
