Abstract
In the first part of this paper, the characteristics of microburst-producing storms are examined with a three-dimensional cloud model using soundings from the Cooperative Huntsville Meteorological Experiment (COHMEX). With a grid resolution of 500 m, it is shown that the general characteristics of observed vertical velocities, vertical draft sizes, water contents, radar reflectivities, and surface outflow strengths can be simulated. In addition, observed microburst precursors such as midlevel convergence and descending precipitation cores can also be simulated. Using a grid resolution of 250 m, the observed structure of a particularly well-documented storm on 20 July 1986 during COHMEX is simulated, including a hail shaft 1–2 km wide that descended to the ground.
In the second part of this paper, the influence of microphysical processes in the production of low-level downdrafts in simulated COHMEX storms is investigated. It is shown that low-level downdrafts are in some cases stronger and deeper in simulations made with the ice phase than in simulations made without the ice phase. These differences are due, in part, to the additional cooling associated with the melting of ice, and are consistent with findings of several other recent studies of low-level downdraft production in deep convective storms.
