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Global Climate

M. Ades5, R. Adler6, Rob Allan7, R. P. Allan8, J. Anderson9, Anthony Argüez10, C. Arosio11, J. A. Augustine12, C. Azorin-Molina13, J. Barichivich14, J. Barnes15, H. E. Beck16, Andreas Becker17, Nicolas Bellouin18, Angela Benedetti19, David I. Berry20, Stephen Blenkinsop21, Olivier. Bock22, Michael G. Bosilovich23, Olivier. Boucher24, S. A. Buehler25, Laura. Carrea26, Hanne H. Christiansen27, F. Chouza28, John R. Christy29, E.-S. Chung30, Melanie Coldewey-Egbers31, Gil P. Compo32, Owen R. Cooper33, Curt Covey34, A. Crotwell35, Sean M. Davis36, Elvira de Eyto37, Richard A. M de Jeu38, B.V. VanderSat38, Curtis L. DeGasperi39, Doug Degenstein40, Larry Di Girolamo41, Martin T. Dokulil42, Markus G. Donat43, Wouter A. Dorigo44, Imke Durre45, Geoff S. Dutton46, G. Duveiller47, James W. Elkins48, Vitali E. Fioletov49, Johannes Flemming50, Michael J. Foster51, Richard A. Frey52, Stacey M. Frith53, Lucien Froidevaux54, J. Garforth55, S. K. Gupta56, Leopold Haimberger57, Brad D. Hall58, Ian Harris59, Andrew K Heidinger60, D. L. Hemming61, Shu-peng (Ben) Ho62, Daan Hubert63, Dale F. Hurst64, I. Hüser65, Antje Inness66, K. Isaksen67, Viju John68, Philip D. Jones69, J. W. Kaiser70, S. Kelly71, S. Khaykin72, R. Kidd73, Hyungiun Kim74, Z. Kipling75, B. M. Kraemer76, D. P. Kratz77, R. S. La Fuente78, Xin Lan79, Kathleen O. Lantz80, T. Leblanc81, Bailing Li82, Norman G Loeb83, Craig S. Long84, Diego Loyola85, Wlodzimierz Marszelewski86, B. Martens87, Linda May88, Michael Mayer89, M. F. McCabe90, Tim R. McVicar91, Carl A. Mears92, W. Paul Menzel93, Christopher J. Merchant94, Ben R. Miller95, Diego G. Miralles96, Stephen A. Montzka97, Colin Morice98, Jens Mühle99, R. Myneni100, Julien P. Nicolas101, Jeannette Noetzli102, Tim J. Osborn103, T. Park104, A. Pasik105, Andrew M. Paterson106, Mauri S. Pelto107, S. Perkins-Kirkpatrick108, G. Pétron109, C. Phillips110, Bernard Pinty111, S. Po-Chedley112, L. Polvani113, W. Preimesberger114, M. Pulkkanen115, W. J. Randel116, Samuel Rémy117, L. Ricciardulli118, A. D. Richardson119, L. Rieger120, David A. Robinson121, Matthew Rodell122, Karen H. Rosenlof123, Chris Roth124, A. Rozanov125, James A. Rusak126, O. Rusanovskaya127, T. Rutishäuser128, Ahira Sánchez-Lugo129, P. Sawaengphokhai130, T. Scanlon131, Verena Schenzinger132, S. Geoffey Schladow133, R. W Schlegel134, Eawag Schmid, Martin135, H. B. Selkirk136, S. Sharma137, Lei Shi138, S. V. Shimaraeva139, E. A. Silow140, Adrian J. Simmons141, C. A. Smith142, Sharon L Smith143, B. J. Soden144, Viktoria Sofieva145, T. H. Sparks146, Paul W. Stackhouse Jr.147, Wolfgang Steinbrecht148, Dimitri A. Streletskiy149, G. Taha150, Hagen Telg151, S. J. Thackeray152, M. A. Timofeyev153, Kleareti Tourpali154, Mari R. Tye155, Ronald J. van der A156, Robin, VanderSat B.V. van der Schalie157, Gerard van der SchrierW. Paul158, Guido R. van der Werf159, Piet Verburg160, Jean-Paul Vernier161, Holger Vömel162, Russell S. Vose163, Ray Wang164, Shohei G. Watanabe165, Mark Weber166, Gesa A. Weyhenmeyer167, David Wiese168, Anne C. Wilber169, Jeanette D. Wild170, Takmeng Wong171, R. Iestyn Woolway172, Xungang Yin173, Lin Zhao174, Guanguo Zhao175, Xinjia Zhou176, Jerry R. Ziemke177, and Markus Ziese178
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  • 1 Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, United Kingdom
  • | 2 NOAA/OAR Earth System Research Laboratories, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 3 European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy
  • | 4 Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, United Kingdom
  • | 5 European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom
  • | 6 University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
  • | 7 Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, United Kingdom
  • | 8 University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
  • | 9 Department of Atmospheric and Planetary Science, Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia
  • | 10 NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information, Asheville, North Carolina
  • | 11 University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
  • | 12 NOAA/OAR Earth System Research Laboratories, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 13 Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación – Spanish National Research Council, Moncada (Valencia), Spain; and Regional Climate Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
  • | 14 Instituto de Geografía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
  • | 15 NOAA/OAR ESRL Global Monitoring Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 16 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
  • | 17 Global Precipitation Climatology Centre, Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany
  • | 18 University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
  • | 19 European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom
  • | 20 National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom
  • | 21 School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
  • | 22 Université de Paris, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, CNRS, IGN, Paris, France, and ENSG-Géomatique, IGN, Marne-la-Vallée, France
  • | 23 Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
  • | 24 Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
  • | 25 Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
  • | 26 Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
  • | 27 Geology Department, University Centre in Svalbard, Longyearbyen, Norway
  • | 28 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Wrightwood, California
  • | 29 The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama
  • | 30 IBS Center for Climate Physics, Busan, South Korea
  • | 31 German Aerospace Center (DLR) Oberpfaffenhofen, Wessling, Germany
  • | 32 Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, and Physical Sciences Division, NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 33 Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, and NOAA/OAR Earth System Research Laboratories, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 34 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California
  • | 35 Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, and NOAA/OAR Global Monitoring Division, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 36 Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, and NOAA/OAR Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 37 Marine Institute, Furnace, Newport, Ireland
  • | 38 Haarlem, the Netherlands
  • | 39 King County Water and Land Resources Division, Seattle, Washington
  • | 40 University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
  • | 41 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois
  • | 42 Research Department for Limnology, University of Innsbruck, Austria
  • | 43 Barcelona Supercomputing Centre, Barcelona, Spain
  • | 44 Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, TU Wien - Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
  • | 45 NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information, Asheville, North Carolina
  • | 46 Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, and NOAA/OAR Earth System Research Laboratories, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 47 European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy
  • | 48 NOAA/OAR Earth System Research Laboratories, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 49 Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Canada
  • | 50 European Centre for Medum-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom
  • | 51 Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
  • | 52 Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
  • | 53 Science Systems and Applications, Inc, Lanham, Maryland, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
  • | 54 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
  • | 55 Woodland Trust, Grantham, United Kingdom
  • | 56 Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, Virginia
  • | 57 Department of Meteorology and Geophysics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • | 58 NOAA/OAR Earth System Research Laboratories, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 59 National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS), University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom and Climatic Research Unit, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
  • | 60 NOAA/NESDIS/STAR University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
  • | 61 Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, United Kingdom; Birmingham Institute of Forest Research, Birmingham University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
  • | 62 NOAA/NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research, College Park, Maryland
  • | 63 Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA), Brussels, Belgium
  • | 64 Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, and NOAA/OAR Earth System Research Laboratories, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 65 Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany
  • | 66 European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom
  • | 67 Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Blindern, Oslo, Norway
  • | 68 EUMETSAT, Darmstadt, Germany
  • | 69 Climatic Research Unit, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
  • | 70 Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany
  • | 71 Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Ireland
  • | 72 LATMOS/IPSL, UVSQ, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Guyancourt, France
  • | 73 Earth Observation Data Centre GmbH, Vienna, Austria
  • | 74 Institite of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
  • | 75 European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom
  • | 76 IGB Leibniz Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
  • | 77 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
  • | 78 Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Ireland
  • | 79 Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, and NOAA/OAR Earth System Research Laboratories, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 80 NOAA/OAR Earth System Research Laboratory, and Cooperative Institute for Research in the Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 81 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Wrightwood, California
  • | 82 Hydrological Sciences Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA; Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
  • | 83 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
  • | 84 NOAA/NWS National Centers for Environmental Prediction, College Park, Maryland
  • | 85 German Aerospace Center (DLR) Oberpfaffenhofen, Wessling, Germany
  • | 86 Department of Hydrology and Water Management, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
  • | 87 Hydro-Climate Extremes Lab (H-CEL), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
  • | 88 Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
  • | 89 Department of Meteorology and Geophysics, University of Vienna, Austria; European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom
  • | 90 Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
  • | 91 CSIRO Land and Water, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory; and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
  • | 92 Remote Sensing Systems, Santa Rosa, California
  • | 93 Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
  • | 94 Department of Meteorology, and National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
  • | 95 Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, and NOAA/OAR Earth System Research Laboratories, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 96 Hydro-Climate Extremes Lab (H-CEL), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
  • | 97 NOAA/OAR Earth System Research Laboratories, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 98 Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, United Kingdom
  • | 99 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
  • | 100 Department of Earth and Environment, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
  • | 101 European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom
  • | 102 WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos-Dorf, Switzerland
  • | 103 Climatic Research Unit, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
  • | 104 NASA Ames Research Center, and Bay Area Environmental Research Institute, Moffett Field, California
  • | 105 Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, TU Wien - Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
  • | 106 Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, Dorset, Ontario, Canada
  • | 107 Nichols College, Dudley, Massachusetts
  • | 108 University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
  • | 109 Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, and NOAA/OAR Global Monitoring Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 110 Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
  • | 111 European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy
  • | 112 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California
  • | 113 Columbia University, New York, New York
  • | 114 Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, TU Wien - Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
  • | 115 Finnish Environment Institute SYKE, Freshwater Centre, Helsinki, Finland.
  • | 116 National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 117 Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, CNRS / UPMC, Paris, France
  • | 118 Remote Sensing Systems, Santa Rosa, California
  • | 119 School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems and Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona
  • | 120 University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
  • | 121 Department of Geography, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
  • | 122 Hydrological Sciences Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
  • | 123 NOAA/OAR Earth System Research Laboratories, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 124 University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
  • | 125 University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
  • | 126 Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, Dorset, Ontario, Canada
  • | 127 Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Russia
  • | 128 Institute of Geography and Oeschger Center, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
  • | 129 NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information, Asheville, North Carolina
  • | 130 Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, Virginia
  • | 131 Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, TU Wien - Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
  • | 132 Department of Meteorology and Geophysics, University of Vienna, Austria
  • | 133 Tahoe Environmental Research Center, University of California at Davis, Davis, California
  • | 134 Physical Oceanography Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
  • | 135 Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
  • | 136 Universities Space Research Association, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
  • | 137 York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • | 138 NOAA/NESDIS, National Centers for Environmental Information, Asheville, North Carolina
  • | 139 Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Russia
  • | 140 Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Russia
  • | 141 European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom
  • | 142 Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, and Physical Sciences Laboratory, NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratories, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 143 Geological Survey of Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
  • | 144 Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Key Biscayne, Florida
  • | 145 Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Helsinki, Finland
  • | 146 Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
  • | 147 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
  • | 148 German Weather Service (DWD), Hohenpeissenberg, Germany
  • | 149 Department of Geography George Washington University, Washington D.C.
  • | 150 GESTAR, Columbia, Maryland
  • | 151 NOAA/OAR Earth System Research Laboratories and Cooperative Institute for Research in the Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 152 Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster, United Kingdom
  • | 153 Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Russia
  • | 154 Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
  • | 155 Capacity Center for Climate and Weather Extremes (C3WE), National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 156 Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, Netherlands
  • | 157 Haarlem, Netherlands
  • | 158 Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, Netherlands
  • | 159 Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  • | 160 National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Hamilton, New Zealand
  • | 161 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
  • | 162 Earth Observing Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado
  • | 163 NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information, Asheville, North Carolina
  • | 164 Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
  • | 165 Tahoe Environmental Research Center, University of California at Davis, Davis, California
  • | 166 University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
  • | 167 Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
  • | 168 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
  • | 169 Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, Virginia
  • | 170 NOAA Climate Prediction Center, College Park, Maryland; ESSIC/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
  • | 171 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
  • | 172 Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Ireland
  • | 173 ERT Inc., NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information, Asheville, North Carolina
  • | 174 School of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
  • | 175 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois
  • | 176 Center for Satellite Applications and Research, NOAA, College Park, Maryland
  • | 177 Goddard Earth Sciences Technology and Research, Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland, and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
  • | 178 Global Precipitation Climatology Center, Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach am Main, Germany
Published-online:
12 Aug 2020
Print Publication:
01 Aug 2020
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0104.1
Page(s):
S9–S128
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Corresponding author: Robert Dunn / robert.dunn@metoffice.gov.uk

Corresponding author: Robert Dunn / robert.dunn@metoffice.gov.uk
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