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Artificial Intelligence for the Earth Systems Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Community Science Earth Interactions Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology Journal of Climate Journal of Hydrometeorology Journal of Physical Oceanography Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences Monthly Weather Review Weather and Forecasting Weather, Climate, and Society Meteorological Monographs
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Artificial Intelligence for the Earth Systems Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Community Science Earth Interactions Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology Journal of Climate Journal of Hydrometeorology Journal of Physical Oceanography Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences Monthly Weather Review Weather and Forecasting Weather, Climate, and Society Meteorological Monographs
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Cover Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
  • ABSTRACT
    • Components of the water cycle
    • Human impacts on the water cycle
    • Observing the water cycle
      • SALINITY AS A PROXY FOR THE OCEAN WATER CYCLE
    • Recent state of water budget closure and imbalance
  • Observing water cycle storages
    • Ocean (fresh)water storage
    • Lakes and artificial reservoirs
    • Atmospheric moisture
    • Soil moisture
    • Groundwater
    • Permafrost and ground ice
    • Snow
    • Glaciers
    • Ice sheets
    • Water stored in living biomass
  • Observing water cycle fluxes
    • Ocean evaporation
    • Land evaporation
    • Precipitation over ocean and land
    • River discharge
    • Groundwater recharge and discharge
    • Glacier and ice sheet annual turnover
    • Anthropogenic water use
  • Integrating water cycle components at various scales
    • Integration strategies
    • Water cycle integration across spatial and temporal scales
    • Example of global integration of state-of-the-art fluxes
  • Synthesis and outlook
    • Continuation and expansion of existing observation systems
    • New observation systems
    • Integration of ECVs with other components and models
    • Final remarks
  • Data availability statement
  • Acknowledgments
  • Appendix A
    • Summary of (semi-)operational long-term global observing systems and large-scale water cycle studies
  • Appendix B
    • Acronyms used in this study
  • References
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