Article Type:
Research Article

Antarctica and the Southern Ocean

Sharon Stammerjohn Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado

Search for other papers by Sharon Stammerjohn in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Ted A. Scambos Earth Science and Observation Center, CIRES, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado

Search for other papers by Ted A. Scambos in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Susheel Adusumilli Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California

Search for other papers by Susheel Adusumilli in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Sandra Barreira Argentine Naval Hydrographic Service, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Search for other papers by Sandra Barreira in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Germar H. Bernhard Biospherical Instruments Inc., San Diego, California

Search for other papers by Germar H. Bernhard in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Deniz Bozkurt Department of Meteorology, University of Valparaíso, Valparaíso and Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)2, Santiago, Chile

Search for other papers by Deniz Bozkurt in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Seth M. Bushinsky University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii

Search for other papers by Seth M. Bushinsky in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Kyle R. Clem School of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand

Search for other papers by Kyle R. Clem in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Steve Colwell British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Search for other papers by Steve Colwell in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Lawrence Coy Science Systems and Applications, Inc., NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland

Search for other papers by Lawrence Coy in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Jos De Laat Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), DeBilt, Netherlands

Search for other papers by Jos De Laat in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Marcel D. du Plessis Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Search for other papers by Marcel D. du Plessis in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Ryan L. Fogt Department of Geography, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio

Search for other papers by Ryan L. Fogt in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Annie Foppert Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia

Search for other papers by Annie Foppert in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Helen Amanda Fricker Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California

Search for other papers by Helen Amanda Fricker in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Alex S. Gardner Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasedena, California

Search for other papers by Alex S. Gardner in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Sarah T. Gille Climate, Atmospheric Science and Physical Oceanography, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California

Search for other papers by Sarah T. Gille in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Tessa Gorte Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado

Search for other papers by Tessa Gorte in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Bryan Johnson NOAA/OAR Earth System Research Laboratory, Global Monitoring Division, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado

Search for other papers by Bryan Johnson in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Eric Keenan Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado

Search for other papers by Eric Keenan in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Daemon Kennett School of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand

Search for other papers by Daemon Kennett in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Linda M. Keller Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin

Search for other papers by Linda M. Keller in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Natalya A. Kramarova NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland

Search for other papers by Natalya A. Kramarova in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Kaisa Lakkala Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland

Search for other papers by Kaisa Lakkala in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Matthew A. Lazzara Department of Physical Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Madison Area Technical College, and Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin

Search for other papers by Matthew A. Lazzara in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Jan T. M. Lenaerts Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado

Search for other papers by Jan T. M. Lenaerts in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Jan L. Lieser Australian Bureau of Meteorology, Hobart, TAS, Australia, and Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia

Search for other papers by Jan L. Lieser in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Zhi Li Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

Search for other papers by Zhi Li in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Hongxing Liu Department of Geography, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio

Search for other papers by Hongxing Liu in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Craig S. Long NOAA/NWS National Center for Environmental Prediction, College Park, Maryland

Search for other papers by Craig S. Long in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Michael MacFerrin Earth Science and Observation Center, CIRES, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado

Search for other papers by Michael MacFerrin in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Michelle L. Maclennan Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado

Search for other papers by Michelle L. Maclennan in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Robert A. Massom Australian Antarctic Division and Australian Antarctic Program Partnership (AAPP), Hobart, Tasmania, Australia

Search for other papers by Robert A. Massom in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
David Mikolajczyk Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin

Search for other papers by David Mikolajczyk in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Lynn Montgomery Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado

Search for other papers by Lynn Montgomery in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Thomas L. Mote Department of Geography, University of Georgia

Search for other papers by Thomas L. Mote in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Eric R. Nash Science Systems and Applications, Inc.; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland

Search for other papers by Eric R. Nash in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Paul A. Newman NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland

Search for other papers by Paul A. Newman in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Irina Petropavlovskikh Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, and NOAA/OAR Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado

Search for other papers by Irina Petropavlovskikh in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Michael Pitts NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia

Search for other papers by Michael Pitts in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Phillip Reid Australian Bureau of Meteorology and Australian Antarctic Program Partnership (AAPP), Hobart, Tasmania, Australia

Search for other papers by Phillip Reid in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Steven R. Rintoul CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, Centre for Southern Hemisphere Oceans Research, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia

Search for other papers by Steven R. Rintoul in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Michelle L. Santee NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California

Search for other papers by Michelle L. Santee in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Elizabeth H. Shadwick CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia Centre for Southern Hemisphere Oceans Research, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia

Search for other papers by Elizabeth H. Shadwick in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Alessandro Silvano Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom

Search for other papers by Alessandro Silvano in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Scott Stierle NOAA/OAR Global Monitoring Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado; CIRES, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado

Search for other papers by Scott Stierle in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Susan Strahan Universities Space Research Association, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland

Search for other papers by Susan Strahan in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Adrienne J. Sutton Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, NOAA, Seattle Washington

Search for other papers by Adrienne J. Sutton in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Sebastiaan Swart Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, and Department of Oceanography, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa

Search for other papers by Sebastiaan Swart in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Veronica Tamsitt Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia, and Centre for Southern Hemisphere Oceans Research, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, Florida

Search for other papers by Veronica Tamsitt in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Bronte Tilbrook CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, and Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia

Search for other papers by Bronte Tilbrook in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Lei Wang Department of Geography and Anthropology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana

Search for other papers by Lei Wang in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Nancy L. Williams College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, Florida

Search for other papers by Nancy L. Williams in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
, and
Xiaojun Yuan Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York

Search for other papers by Xiaojun Yuan in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
Online Publication:
25 Aug 2021
Print Publication:
01 Aug 2021
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-21-0081.1
Page(s):
S317–S356
Free access

Corresponding author: Sharon Stammerjohn / Sharon.Stammerjohn@colorado.edu

Corresponding author: Sharon Stammerjohn / Sharon.Stammerjohn@colorado.edu
Save
Cover Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
All Time Past Year Past 30 Days
Abstract Views 32 0 0
Full Text Views 3161 1172 270
PDF Downloads 1858 526 46