Fig. 1.1.
Geographical distribution of selected notable climate anomalies and events in 2023.
Plate 1.1.
(Next page.) Global (or representative) average time series for essential climate variables through 2023. Anomalies are shown relative to the base period in parentheses, although base periods used in other sections of the report may differ. The numbers in the parentheses in the lower left or right side of each panel indicate how many in situ (red), reanalysis (blue), and satellite (orange), datasets are used to create each time series in that order. (a) Northern Hemisphere (NH) polar stratospheric ozone (Mar); (b) Southern Hemisphere (SH) polar stratospheric ozone (Oct); (c) surface temperature; (d) night marine air temperature; (e) lower tropospheric temperature; (f) lower stratospheric temperature; (g) extremes (warm days [solid] and cool days [dotted]); (h) Arctic sea ice extent (max [solid]) and min [dotted]); (i) Antarctic sea ice extent (max [solid] and min [dotted]); (j) glacier cumulative mean specific balance; (k) NH snow cover extent; (l) NH lake ice duration; (m) Mauna Loa apparent transmission; (n) lower stratospheric water vapor; (o) global land evaporation; (p) total column water vapor – land; (q) total column water vapor – ocean; (r) upper tropospheric humidity; (s) specific humidity – land; (t) specific humidity – ocean; (u) relative humidity – land; (v) relative humidity – ocean; (w) precipitation – land; (x) precipitation – ocean; (y) ocean heat content (0–700 m); (z) sea level rise; (aa) tropospheric ozone; (ab) tropospheric wind speed at 850 hPa; (ac) land wind speed; (ad) ocean wind speed; (ae) biomass burning; (af) cloud radiative effect; (ag) soil moisture; (ah) terrestrial groundwater storage; (ai) fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR); (aj) land surface albedo – visible (solid) and infrared (dotted).
