Editorial Type:
Article
Article Type:
Research Article

Hyperspectral Earth Observation from IASI: Five Years of Accomplishments

Fiona Hilton Met Office, Exeter, United Kingdom

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Raymond Armante Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique/CNRS/IPSL, Paris, France

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Thomas August EUMETSAT, Darmstadt, Germany

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Chris Barnet NOAA/NESDIS, Camp Springs, Maryland

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Aurelie Bouchard Météo-France, and CNRS/CNRM-GAME, Paris, France

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Claude Camy-Peyret UMPC University Paris 06, Paris, France

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Virginie Capelle Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique/CNRS/IPSL, Paris, France

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Lieven Clarisse Spectroscopie de l'Atmosphère, Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

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Cathy Clerbaux UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, and Université Versailles St.-Quentin, Versailles, and CNRS/INSU, LATMOS-IPSL, Paris, France

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Pierre-Francois Coheur Spectroscopie de l'Atmosphère, Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

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Andrew Collard NOAA/NCEP/EMC/IMSG, Camp Springs, Maryland

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Cyril Crevoisier Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique/CNRS/IPSL, Paris, France

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Gaelle Dufour LISA-CNRS/Université de Paris 12 et Paris 7, Paris, France

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David Edwards National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado

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Francois Faijan Centre de Météorologie Spatiale, Météo-France, Lannion, France

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Nadia Fourrié Météo-France, and CNRS/CNRM-GAME, Paris, France

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Antonia Gambacorta Dell, Inc., Round Rock, Texas

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Mitchell Goldberg NOAA/NESDIS, Camp Springs, Maryland

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Vincent Guidard Météo-France, and CNRS/CNRM-GAME, Paris, France

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Daniel Hurtmans Spectroscopie de l'Atmosphère, Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

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Samuel Illingworth University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom

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Nicole Jacquinet-Husson Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique/CNRS/IPSL, Paris, France

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Tobias Kerzenmacher Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium

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Dieter Klaes EUMETSAT, Darmstadt, Germany

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Lydie Lavanant Centre de Météorologie Spatiale, Météo-France, Lannion, France

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Guido Masiello DIFA, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy

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Marco Matricardi European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom

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Anthony McNally European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom

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Stuart Newman Met Office, Exeter, United Kingdom

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Edward Pavelin Met Office, Exeter, United Kingdom

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Sebastien Payan UMPC University Paris 06, Paris, France

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Eric Péquignot CNES, Toulouse, France

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Sophie Peyridieu Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique/CNRS/IPSL, Paris, France

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Thierry Phulpin CNES, Toulouse, France

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John Remedios University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom

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Peter Schlüssel EUMETSAT, Darmstadt, Germany

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Carmine Serio DIFA, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy

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Larrabee Strow University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland

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Claudia Stubenrauch Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique/CNRS/IPSL, Paris, France

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Jonathan Taylor Met Office, Exeter, United Kingdom

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David Tobin Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin

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Walter Wolf NOAA/NESDIS, Camp Springs, Maryland

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Daniel Zhou NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia

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Online Publication:
01 Mar 2012
Print Publication:
01 Mar 2012
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00027.1
Page(s):
347–370
Full access

The Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) forms the main infrared sounding component of the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites's (EUMETSAT's) Meteorological Operation (MetOp)-A satellite (Klaes et al. 2007), which was launched in October 2006. This article presents the results of the first 4 yr of the operational IASI mission. The performance of the instrument is shown to be exceptional in terms of calibration and stability. The quality of the data has allowed the rapid use of the observations in operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) and the development of new products for atmospheric chemistry and climate studies, some of which were unexpected before launch. The assimilation of IASI observations in NWP models provides a significant forecast impact; in most cases the impact has been shown to be at least as large as for any previous instrument. In atmospheric chemistry, global distributions of gases, such as ozone and carbon monoxide, can be produced in near–real time, and short-lived species, such as ammonia or methanol, can be mapped, allowing the identification of new sources. The data have also shown the ability to track the location and chemistry of gaseous plumes and particles associated with volcanic eruptions and fires, providing valuable data for air quality monitoring and aircraft safety. IASI also contributes to the establishment of robust long-term data records of several essential climate variables. The suite of products being developed from IASI continues to expand as the data are investigated, and further impacts are expected from increased use of the data in NWP and climate studies in the coming years. The instrument has set a high standard for future operational hyperspectral infrared sounders and has demonstrated that such instruments have a vital role in the global observing system.

The Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) forms the main infrared sounding component of the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites's (EUMETSAT's) Meteorological Operation (MetOp)-A satellite (Klaes et al. 2007), which was launched in October 2006. This article presents the results of the first 4 yr of the operational IASI mission. The performance of the instrument is shown to be exceptional in terms of calibration and stability. The quality of the data has allowed the rapid use of the observations in operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) and the development of new products for atmospheric chemistry and climate studies, some of which were unexpected before launch. The assimilation of IASI observations in NWP models provides a significant forecast impact; in most cases the impact has been shown to be at least as large as for any previous instrument. In atmospheric chemistry, global distributions of gases, such as ozone and carbon monoxide, can be produced in near–real time, and short-lived species, such as ammonia or methanol, can be mapped, allowing the identification of new sources. The data have also shown the ability to track the location and chemistry of gaseous plumes and particles associated with volcanic eruptions and fires, providing valuable data for air quality monitoring and aircraft safety. IASI also contributes to the establishment of robust long-term data records of several essential climate variables. The suite of products being developed from IASI continues to expand as the data are investigated, and further impacts are expected from increased use of the data in NWP and climate studies in the coming years. The instrument has set a high standard for future operational hyperspectral infrared sounders and has demonstrated that such instruments have a vital role in the global observing system.

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