Abstract
The SMART2022 project (Sciences of Meteorology and Artificial Intelligence in Research and Technology for Beijing 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games) was initiated to enhance weather forecasting and services for the Beijing 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games. The focus of the project was to carry out intensive meteorological field experiments and develop advanced high-precision weather forecasting methods to support the games. The field experiments fully considered the advantages and limitations of various types of instruments and provided detailed firsthand information that enabled forecasters to understand the small-scale weather phenomena in the mountain competition venues. Novel methods were developed, enhanced, and used during the games, such as integration-based, 10-min updating forecasts with 100-m horizontal grid spacing for 0–24 h lead times, large eddy simulation-based numerical model forecasts with 67-m horizontal grid spacing for 24–240 h lead times, and artificial intelligence-based, site-specific, post-processed seamless forecasts with 0–240 h lead times. These innovations increased the precision of the weather forecasting and allowed effective correction of kilometer-scale numerical model forecast errors, with a specific emphasis on ultrahigh-resolution predictions of wind gusts and temperature in the complex mountainous competition areas affected mainly by the continental winter monsoon. Utilization of the SMART2022 achievements had a key role in supporting weather forecasts and services for the official training and competition events, scheduling, competition safety window selection, and other aspects related to both the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics. Ultimately, these achievements contributed to the successful completion of all the snow-based events and safety of athletes during the 2022 Games.
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SMART2022: Sciences of Meteorology and Artificial Intelligence in Research and Technology for the Beijing 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games.
