Artificial Intelligence for the Earth Systems
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Earth Interactions
Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology
Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology
Journal of Climate
Journal of Hydrometeorology
Journal of Physical Oceanography
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
Monthly Weather Review
Weather and Forecasting
Weather, Climate, and Society
Meteorological Monographs
Artificial Intelligence for the Earth Systems
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Earth Interactions
Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology
Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology
Journal of Climate
Journal of Hydrometeorology
Journal of Physical Oceanography
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
Monthly Weather Review
Weather and Forecasting
Weather, Climate, and Society
Meteorological Monographs
Journal of Climate
CURRENT ISSUE
Volume 38 (2025): Issue 11 (Jun 2025)
About the Journal
The Journal of Climate (JCLI) publishes research that advances basic understanding of the dynamics and physics of the climate system on large spatial scales, including variability of the atmosphere, oceans, land surface, and cryosphere; past, present, and projected future changes in the climate system; and climate simulation and prediction.
ISSN: 0894-8755; eISSN: 1520-0442
Editors in Chief
Isla Simpson, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
Darryn Waugh, The Johns Hopkins University
Impact Factor
4.8
2023 Journal Impact Factors in the Meteorology and Atmospheric Science category
Response of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to a sudden surface warming and amplification of the hydrological cycle
Chiung-Yin Chang
and
Malte F. Jansen
Seasonal Dependence of the Projected Indian Ocean Walker Circulation Uncertainty under Greenhouse Warming
Zi-Wen Han
,
Xiao-Tong Zheng
, and
Yu-Fan Geng
Higher Resolution Climate Models Do Not Consistently Reproduce the Observed Tropical Pacific Warming Pattern
Shreya Dhame
,
Dirk Olonscheck
, and
Maria Rugenstein
A decomposition of the key drivers of current and future Northern Hemisphere cyclone-associated precipitation trends
Alex Crawford
,
Michelle McCrystall
, and
Nicole Loeb
Local and remote moisture sources both increase late 21st century Arctic precipitation
Sean D. Leister
,
Jennifer E. Kay
, and
Cecile Hannay
Drivers of Low-frequency Variability of Ocean Heat Content on the U.S. Northeast Shelf
Yingli Zhu
,
Weiqing Han
,
Michael A. Alexander
,
Sang-Ik Shin
,
Chao Liu
, and
Yilong Lyu
Quantifying Interannual Co-variability between Precipitation over Eastern China and SST in the Indo-Pacific
Minmin Wu
,
Rong-Hua Zhang
,
Hai Zhi
, and
Siying Liu
Western Mediterranean droughts fostered by Arctic sea-ice loss
Ramiro I. Saurral
,
Francisco J. Doblas-Reyes
,
James A. Screen
,
Jennifer L. Catto
,
Stephanie Hay
, and
Hao Yu
Extreme strong winds over China: Spatial–temporal variations and driving factors
Zhengtai Zhang
,
Xiaodan Guan
, and
Ning Jiang
How Fast is the Mean Upwelling in the Equatorial Pacific Ocean?
Kristopher B. Karnauskas
Discrepancy in the connection between the Indian Ocean Dipole and following year’s ENSO in coupled climate models
Xiaoming Ju
,
Shangfeng Chen
,
Wen Chen
,
Renguang Wu
,
Lin Chen
,
Jun Ying
,
Peng Hu
,
Qingyu Cai
,
Jinling Piao
, and
Rui Zhou
A perfect-model perspective on the signal-to-noise paradox in initialized decadal predictions
Rashed Mahmood
,
Markus G. Donat
,
Francisco J. Doblas-Reyes
, and
Etienne Tourigny
Are North Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Modulated by the Madden-Julian Oscillation in HighResMIP AGCMs?
Chuan-Chieh Chang
,
Ming Zhao
,
Sandro W Lubis
,
Ziming Chen
,
Karthik Balaguru
,
Samson Hagos
,
L. Ruby Leung
, and
Wenyu Zhou
Mid-Pliocene climate forcing, sea-surface temperature patterns, and implications for modern-day climate sensitivity
Michelle Dvorak
,
Kyle C. Armour
,
Ran Feng
,
Vincent T. Cooper
,
Jiang Zhu
,
Natalie Burls
, and
Cristian Proistosescu
A Simple Model for Global Temperature Control on Dansgaard Oeschger Oscillations
Louis-Philippe Nadeau
,
Malte F. Jansen
, and
Sandy Gregorio
Sources of Inter-model Diversity in the Regional Hadley Circulation over the Western Pacific During Boreal winter
Weiqian Xu
,
Wen Chen
,
Shangfeng Chen
,
Ruping Huang
,
Jinling Piao
,
Peng Hu
, and
Qingyu Cai
How the Subsurface Tropical Pacific Responds to Subtropical Surface Cooling: Implications for Cross-Equatorial Transport
Matthew T. Luongo
,
Shang-Ping Xie
,
Ian Eisenman
,
Shantong Sun
, and
Qihua Peng
Tropical Pacific trends in the ECMWF seasonal system and implications for predictions of the 2020–2022 triple-dip La Niña
Michael Mayer
,
Magdalena A. Balmaseda
,
Frederic Vitart
, and
Steffen Tietsche
Stratospheric control of the linkage between the AMOC and Atlantic multidecadal variability
Joshua Studholme
,
Alexey Fedorov
, and
Brady S. Ferster
Influence of winter Arctic sea ice anomalies on the following autumn Indian Ocean Dipole development
Xin Cheng
,
Shangfeng Chen
,
Wen Chen
,
Renguang Wu
,
Shuoyi Ding
,
Wen Zhou
,
Lin Wang
,
Yali Yang
,
Jinglin Piao
, and
Peng Hu
The Atlantic Multi-decadal Variability in observations and in a large historical multi-model ensemble: Forced and internal variability
Bo Christiansen
,
Shuting Yang
, and
Annika Drews
Exploring Ground Ice Dynamics in central Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Permafrost Region Using SAR interferometry, Landsat and ICESat-2 data
Zhengjia Zhang
,
Qingxiang Wang
,
Qingguang Jin
, and
Mengmeng Wang
Local wave-activity analysis of atmospheric blocks in the Northern Hemisphere winter
Pragallva Barpanda
and
Noboru Nakamura
Zonal Cloud Trends Observed by Passive MODIS and Active CALIOP and CPR Sensors
Seung-Hee Ham
,
Norman G. Loeb
,
Seiji Kato
,
Tyler J. Thorsen
,
Aiko Voigt
,
William L. Smith Jr.
, and
David M. Winker
Cross-equatorial northerly surges associated with extratropical cold surges and tropical variability over the Maritime Continent
Tri W. Hadi
,
Muhammad Rais Abdillah
,
Narizka N. Purwadani
,
Rusmawan Suwarman
,
Nurjanna Joko Trilaksono
,
Faiz R. Fajary
,
Madam T. Maulana
, and
Dudy D. Wijaya
Impacts of the Large Seasonal Cycle of Upwelling Zone Sea Surface Temperatures on the Atmosphere
Nandini Ramesh
and
William R. Boos
On the attribution of weather events to climate change using empirically-fit extreme value distributions
Peter Sherman
,
Peter Huybers
, and
Eli Tziperman
Drought Weather in the Northeast US
Laurie Agel
,
Mathew Barlow
,
Christopher Skinner
, and
Ambarish Karmalkar
Evaluation of climatic impacts of ice nucleating particles through precipitation process with a GCM
Yuki Imura
and
Kentaroh Suzuki
The diverse impacts of El Niño and La Niña events over the South Pacific and in French Polynesia
B. Pagli
,
T. Izumo
,
SE. Cravatte
,
M. Hopuare
,
S. Martinoni-Lapierre
,
V. Laurent
,
C. Menkes
,
D. Monselesan
, and
S. Auffray
Arctic Ozone Amplifies Stratospheric Circulation Extremes
Hao-Jhe Hong
,
Thomas Reichler
, and
Huang-Hsiung Hsu
Western North Pacific Summer Monsoon Circulation Patterns Regulate Tropical Cyclogenesis Productivity
Yuqi Zang
,
Haikun Zhao
,
Philip J. Klotzbach
,
Shaohua Chen
,
Jia Liang
,
Chao Wang
, and
Liguang Wu
Tropical cloud feedbacks estimated from observed multi-decadal trends
Emily K. Van de Koot
,
Michael P. Byrne
, and
Tim Woollings
Multi-model evidence of future tropical Atlantic precipitation change modulated by AMOC decline
Giada Cerato
,
Katinka Bellomo
,
Roberta D’Agostino
, and
Jost von Hardenberg
The Role of Convective Intensity in Modulating the Earth’s Radiative Balance
Juliet Pilewskie
and
Tristan L’Ecuyer
Northern hemisphere land-atmosphere feedback from prescribed plant phenology in CESM
Xiaolu Li
,
Toby Ault
,
Andrew D. Richardson
,
Steve Frolking
,
Dimitris A. Herrera
,
Mark A. Friedl
,
Carlos M. Carrillo
, and
Colin P. Evans
Volume 38 (2025): Issue 11 (Jun 2025)
Most cited articles since 1990:
The Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2)
Ronald Gelaro
,
Will McCarty
,
Max J. Suárez
,
Ricardo Todling
,
Andrea Molod
,
Lawrence Takacs
,
Cynthia A. Randles
,
Anton Darmenov
,
Michael G. Bosilovich
,
Rolf Reichle
,
Krzysztof Wargan
,
Lawrence Coy
,
Richard Cullather
,
Clara Draper
,
Santha Akella
,
Virginie Buchard
,
Austin Conaty
,
Arlindo M. da Silva
,
Wei Gu
,
Gi-Kong Kim
,
Randal Koster
,
Robert Lucchesi
,
Dagmar Merkova
,
Jon Eric Nielsen
,
Gary Partyka
,
Steven Pawson
,
William Putman
,
Michele Rienecker
,
Siegfried D. Schubert
,
Meta Sienkiewicz
, and
Bin Zhao
MERRA: NASA’s Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications
Michele M. Rienecker
,
Max J. Suarez
,
Ronald Gelaro
,
Ricardo Todling
,
Julio Bacmeister
,
Emily Liu
,
Michael G. Bosilovich
,
Siegfried D. Schubert
,
Lawrence Takacs
,
Gi-Kong Kim
,
Stephen Bloom
,
Junye Chen
,
Douglas Collins
,
Austin Conaty
,
Arlindo da Silva
,
Wei Gu
,
Joanna Joiner
,
Randal D. Koster
,
Robert Lucchesi
,
Andrea Molod
,
Tommy Owens
,
Steven Pawson
,
Philip Pegion
,
Christopher R. Redder
,
Rolf Reichle
,
Franklin R. Robertson
,
Albert G. Ruddick
,
Meta Sienkiewicz
, and
Jack Woollen
The NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2
Suranjana Saha
,
Shrinivas Moorthi
,
Xingren Wu
,
Jiande Wang
,
Sudhir Nadiga
,
Patrick Tripp
,
David Behringer
,
Yu-Tai Hou
,
Hui-ya Chuang
,
Mark Iredell
,
Michael Ek
,
Jesse Meng
,
Rongqian Yang
,
MalaquÃas Peña Mendez
,
Huug van den Dool
,
Qin Zhang
,
Wanqiu Wang
,
Mingyue Chen
, and
Emily Becker
The Community Climate System Model Version 4
Peter R. Gent
,
Gokhan Danabasoglu
,
Leo J. Donner
,
Marika M. Holland
,
Elizabeth C. Hunke
,
Steve R. Jayne
,
David M. Lawrence
,
Richard B. Neale
,
Philip J. Rasch
,
Mariana Vertenstein
,
Patrick H. Worley
,
Zong-Liang Yang
, and
Minghua Zhang
Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature, Version 5 (ERSSTv5): Upgrades, Validations, and Intercomparisons
Boyin Huang
,
Peter W. Thorne
,
Viva F. Banzon
,
Tim Boyer
,
Gennady Chepurin
,
Jay H. Lawrimore
,
Matthew J. Menne
,
Thomas M. Smith
,
Russell S. Vose
, and
Huai-Min Zhang
Bias Correction of GCM Precipitation by Quantile Mapping: How Well Do Methods Preserve Changes in Quantiles and Extremes?
Alex J. Cannon
,
Stephen R. Sobie
, and
Trevor Q. Murdock
The Pacific Decadal Oscillation, Revisited
Matthew Newman
,
Michael A. Alexander
,
Toby R. Ault
,
Kim M. Cobb
,
Clara Deser
,
Emanuele Di Lorenzo
,
Nathan J. Mantua
,
Arthur J. Miller
,
Shoshiro Minobe
,
Hisashi Nakamura
,
Niklas Schneider
,
Daniel J. Vimont
,
Adam S. Phillips
,
James D. Scott
, and
Catherine A. Smith
Global Increasing Trends in Annual Maximum Daily Precipitation
Seth Westra
,
Lisa V. Alexander
, and
Francis W. Zwiers
GFDL’s ESM2 Global Coupled Climate–Carbon Earth System Models. Part I: Physical Formulation and Baseline Simulation Characteristics
John P. Dunne
,
Jasmin G. John
,
Alistair J. Adcroft
,
Stephen M. Griffies
,
Robert W. Hallberg
,
Elena Shevliakova
,
Ronald J. Stouffer
,
William Cooke
,
Krista A. Dunne
,
Matthew J. Harrison
,
John P. Krasting
,
Sergey L. Malyshev
,
P. C. D. Milly
,
Peter J. Phillipps
,
Lori T. Sentman
,
Bonita L. Samuels
,
Michael J. Spelman
,
Michael Winton
,
Andrew T. Wittenberg
, and
Niki Zadeh
On the Measurement of Heat Waves
S. E. Perkins
and
L. V. Alexander
Most read articles since December 2020:
A Multiscalar Drought Index Sensitive to Global Warming: The Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index
Sergio M. Vicente-Serrano
,
Santiago BeguerÃa
, and
Juan I. López-Moreno
The Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2)
Ronald Gelaro
,
Will McCarty
,
Max J. Suárez
,
Ricardo Todling
,
Andrea Molod
,
Lawrence Takacs
,
Cynthia A. Randles
,
Anton Darmenov
,
Michael G. Bosilovich
,
Rolf Reichle
,
Krzysztof Wargan
,
Lawrence Coy
,
Richard Cullather
,
Clara Draper
,
Santha Akella
,
Virginie Buchard
,
Austin Conaty
,
Arlindo M. da Silva
,
Wei Gu
,
Gi-Kong Kim
,
Randal Koster
,
Robert Lucchesi
,
Dagmar Merkova
,
Jon Eric Nielsen
,
Gary Partyka
,
Steven Pawson
,
William Putman
,
Michele Rienecker
,
Siegfried D. Schubert
,
Meta Sienkiewicz
, and
Bin Zhao
The NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2
Suranjana Saha
,
Shrinivas Moorthi
,
Xingren Wu
,
Jiande Wang
,
Sudhir Nadiga
,
Patrick Tripp
,
David Behringer
,
Yu-Tai Hou
,
Hui-ya Chuang
,
Mark Iredell
,
Michael Ek
,
Jesse Meng
,
Rongqian Yang
,
MalaquÃas Peña Mendez
,
Huug van den Dool
,
Qin Zhang
,
Wanqiu Wang
,
Mingyue Chen
, and
Emily Becker
Robust Responses of the Hydrological Cycle to Global Warming
Isaac M. Held
and
Brian J. Soden
The Dynamical Core, Physical Parameterizations, and Basic Simulation Characteristics of the Atmospheric Component AM3 of the GFDL Global Coupled Model CM3
Leo J. Donner
,
Bruce L. Wyman
,
Richard S. Hemler
,
Larry W. Horowitz
,
Yi Ming
,
Ming Zhao
,
Jean-Christophe Golaz
,
Paul Ginoux
,
S.-J. Lin
,
M. Daniel Schwarzkopf
,
John Austin
,
Ghassan Alaka
,
William F. Cooke
,
Thomas L. Delworth
,
Stuart M. Freidenreich
,
C. T. Gordon
,
Stephen M. Griffies
,
Isaac M. Held
,
William J. Hurlin
,
Stephen A. Klein
,
Thomas R. Knutson
,
Amy R. Langenhorst
,
Hyun-Chul Lee
,
Yanluan Lin
,
Brian I. Magi
,
Sergey L. Malyshev
,
P. C. D. Milly
,
Vaishali Naik
,
Mary J. Nath
,
Robert Pincus
,
Jeffrey J. Ploshay
,
V. Ramaswamy
,
Charles J. Seman
,
Elena Shevliakova
,
Joseph J. Sirutis
,
William F. Stern
,
Ronald J. Stouffer
,
R. John Wilson
,
Michael Winton
,
Andrew T. Wittenberg
, and
Fanrong Zeng
Bias Correction of GCM Precipitation by Quantile Mapping: How Well Do Methods Preserve Changes in Quantiles and Extremes?
Alex J. Cannon
,
Stephen R. Sobie
, and
Trevor Q. Murdock
MERRA: NASA’s Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications
Michele M. Rienecker
,
Max J. Suarez
,
Ronald Gelaro
,
Ricardo Todling
,
Julio Bacmeister
,
Emily Liu
,
Michael G. Bosilovich
,
Siegfried D. Schubert
,
Lawrence Takacs
,
Gi-Kong Kim
,
Stephen Bloom
,
Junye Chen
,
Douglas Collins
,
Austin Conaty
,
Arlindo da Silva
,
Wei Gu
,
Joanna Joiner
,
Randal D. Koster
,
Robert Lucchesi
,
Andrea Molod
,
Tommy Owens
,
Steven Pawson
,
Philip Pegion
,
Christopher R. Redder
,
Rolf Reichle
,
Franklin R. Robertson
,
Albert G. Ruddick
,
Meta Sienkiewicz
, and
Jack Woollen
GFDL’s ESM2 Global Coupled Climate–Carbon Earth System Models. Part I: Physical Formulation and Baseline Simulation Characteristics
John P. Dunne
,
Jasmin G. John
,
Alistair J. Adcroft
,
Stephen M. Griffies
,
Robert W. Hallberg
,
Elena Shevliakova
,
Ronald J. Stouffer
,
William Cooke
,
Krista A. Dunne
,
Matthew J. Harrison
,
John P. Krasting
,
Sergey L. Malyshev
,
P. C. D. Milly
,
Peter J. Phillipps
,
Lori T. Sentman
,
Bonita L. Samuels
,
Michael J. Spelman
,
Michael Winton
,
Andrew T. Wittenberg
, and
Niki Zadeh
Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature, Version 5 (ERSSTv5): Upgrades, Validations, and Intercomparisons
Boyin Huang
,
Peter W. Thorne
,
Viva F. Banzon
,
Tim Boyer
,
Gennady Chepurin
,
Jay H. Lawrimore
,
Matthew J. Menne
,
Thomas M. Smith
,
Russell S. Vose
, and
Huai-Min Zhang
GFDL’s ESM2 Global Coupled Climate–Carbon Earth System Models. Part II: Carbon System Formulation and Baseline Simulation Characteristics*
John P. Dunne
,
Jasmin G. John
,
Elena Shevliakova
,
Ronald J. Stouffer
,
John P. Krasting
,
Sergey L. Malyshev
,
P. C. D. Milly
,
Lori T. Sentman
,
Alistair J. Adcroft
,
William Cooke
,
Krista A. Dunne
,
Stephen M. Griffies
,
Robert W. Hallberg
,
Matthew J. Harrison
,
Hiram Levy
,
Andrew T. Wittenberg
,
Peter J. Phillips
, and
Niki Zadeh
Featured Special Collections
Featured Special Collections
Progress in Advancing Drought Monitoring and Prediction
Air–Sea Interactions during PISTON, MISOBOB, and CAMP2Ex
IPC12
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